蔓长春花对草地贪夜蛾杀虫活性成分及机制研究  

Studies on the insecticidal constituents and mechanism of Vinca major against Spodoptera frugiperda

作　　者：詹丽 李敬丹 赵传琦 梁倩 ZHAN Li;LI Jing-Dan;ZHAO Chuan-Qi;LIANG Qian(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第5期1201-1212,共12页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：浙江省科技计划(2022C02023);国家自然科学基金青年基金(31201572);西南林业大学人才引进项目(111307)。

摘　　要：为寻找对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda具有良好杀虫活性的化学成分,对蔓长春花石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和水萃取物通过小叶碟添加法、浸叶法和浸虫法,测定其拒食、胃毒和触杀活性。结果表明:蔓长春花石油醚萃取物对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的触杀活性最好,第1、3、5和7天的LC50分别为6.11、5.43、5.27和4.62 mg/mL。采用硅胶柱层析对蔓长春花石油醚萃取物进行分离,得到22个馏分,馏分5和馏分7的触杀活性最好。对馏分5进行GC-MS分析,主要化学成分为对二甲苯(17.56%)、壬烷(20.92%)和十三烷(28.33%)。馏分7经小孔树脂(MCI)分离后得到8个馏分,馏分Ⅵ的触杀活性最好,经GC-MS分析,主要化学成分为壬烷(19.09%)、十三烷(53.19%)和2,2,4,6,6-五甲基庚烷(5.21%)。对二甲苯的触杀活性最好,第1、3、5和7天时LC50分别为10.45、8.87、6.54和5.05 mg/mL。随着对二甲苯浓度的升高,乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-ATPase的活性呈现先激活后抑制的趋势,羧酸酯酶(CarE)的活性呈现先抑制后激活的趋势。In order to search for chemical components with good insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda,antifeedant activity,the stomach poisoning,and contact toxicity of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,and water extracts from Vinca major were determined by small leaf plate addition,leaf soaking,and insect soaking method.The results showed that the petroleum ether extract of V.major had the best contact activity against the S.frugiperda with LC50 values of 6.11,5.43,5.27,and 4.62 mg/mL respectively at 1 d,3 d,5 d,and 7 d.Component separation of petroleum ether extract from V.major were separated by silica gel column chromatography,22 fractions were obtained,with fractions 5 and 7 having the best contact activity.Fraction 5 were analyzed by GC-MS.The main chemical components were pxylene(17.56%),n-nonane(20.92%)and tridecane(28.33%).8 fractions were obtained from fraction 7 by microporous resin chromatography.Fraction VI had the best contact activity.According to GC-MS analysis,the main chemical components were n-nonane(19.09%),tridecane(53.19%)and 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane(5.21%).The LC50 of p-xylene was 10.45,8.87,6.54 and 5.05 mg/mL at 1 d,3 d,5 d and 7 d,respectively.The activities of AChE and Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-ATPase firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of p-xylene concentration.The activities of CarE were firstly inhibited and then activated.

关 键 词：蔓长春花 草地贪夜蛾 触杀活性 对二甲苯 乙酰胆碱酯酶 Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-ATPase 羧酸酯酶 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]