两种天敌昆虫对5种开花中药材的偏好选择性  

Preference and selectivity of two natural enemy insects to 5 flowering Chinese medicinal materials

作　　者：梁一鸣 陈文书 高朋 温晓蕾 齐慧霞 姚姮 高素红 LIANG Yi-Ming;CHEN Wen-Shu;GAO Peng;WEN Xiao-Lei;QI Hui-Xia;YAO Heng;GAO Su-Hong(Technology Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology,Ministry of Education,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei Province,China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology(in Preparation),Changli 066600,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院/河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室(筹),河北昌黎066600

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第5期1239-1244,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：河北省教育厅平台项目(河北省板栗产业协同创新中心2021-2023)。

摘　　要：为了探明异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis和大灰优食蚜蝇Eupeodes corollae两种天敌昆虫对开花期荆芥Nepeta cataria、薄荷Mentha haplocalyx、玉竹Polygonatum odoratum、黄精Polygonatum sibiricum和丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza 5种中药材的选择偏好,本研究观察了这两种天敌昆虫对不同盆栽中药材及其离体花朵的选择。盆栽中药材试验结果显示,异色瓢虫成虫在黄精开花期盆栽植株上的数量最多,接虫后30 min和60 min偏好率分别达到37.00%和36.00%,显著高于其他中药材植株。大灰优食蚜蝇成虫在丹参开花期盆栽植株上的数量最多,接虫后30 min和60 min偏好率分别达到37.00%和36.00%,显著高于其他中药材植株。离体花朵趋性试验结果表明,异色瓢虫成虫对黄精花朵的选择率最高,大灰优食蚜蝇成虫对丹参花朵的选择率最高,这两种中药材对天敌表现出明显的引诱作用,而薄荷和荆芥花朵则对天敌表现出趋避作用。因此,黄精和丹参是引诱瓢虫和食蚜蝇成虫的中药材,薄荷和荆芥则是趋避瓢虫和食蚜蝇成虫的中药材,推测可能与开花期不同中药材植株释放的挥发物有关。In order to investigate the selection preferences of two natural enemies of Harmonia axyridis and Eupeodes corollae on five Chinese herbal medicines:Nepeta cataria,Mentha haplocalyx,Polygonatum odoratum,Polygonatum sibiricum,and Salvia miltiorrhiza in flowering period,this study observed the selection of these two natural enemies on different pot Chinese herbal medicines and their isolated flowers.Potted plant experiment results showed that the traditional Chinese medicinal materials H.axyridis adult on the largest number of P.sibiricum potted plants,after 30 min and 60 min plant preference rate reached 37.00% and 36.00% respectively,significantly higher than other Chinese herbal medicine plant.The number of adult H.axyridis in the flowering stage of S.miltiorrhiza was the highest,plant preference rate reaching 37.00% and 36.00% in 30 min and 60 min,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in other Chinese medicinal plants.The results of in vitro flower taxis test showed that adult H.axyridis had the highest selection rate for P.sibiricum flowers,and adult E.corollae had the highest selection rate for S.miltiorrhiza flowers.These two kinds of Chinese herbs showed obvious attractant effect on the two natural enemy insect adults,while M.haplocalyx and N.cataria flowers showed a repellent effect on the two natural enemy insect adults.Therefore,P.sibiricum and S.miltiorrhiza should be the Chinese medicinal materials to attract H.axyridis and E.corollae adults,and M.haplocalyx and N.cataria should be the Chinese medicinal materials to avoid H.axyridis and E.corollae adults.It is estimated that it may be related to the volatiles released by different Chinese medicinal plants at flowering stage,and further study is needed.

关 键 词：异色瓢虫 大灰优食蚜蝇 中药材 趋性行为 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]