Mn,Zr复合微合金化对6061铝合金铸轧板组织和力学性能的影响  

Effect of Mn and Zr composite microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plate

作　　者：孙玉崇 陈泽夫 徐振 田爽 刘志敏 张伟 SUN Yuchong;CHEN Zefu;XU Zhen;TIAN Shuang;LIU Zhimin;ZHANG Wei(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Zhongwang Group Co.,Ltd.,Liaoyang 111003,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]辽宁忠旺集团有限公司,辽宁辽阳111003

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期194-200,共7页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52104377)。

摘　　要：目的为了探究Mn,Zr复合微合金化对6061铝合金铸轧板材组织和力学性能的影响,方法制备3种不同成分的6061铝合金铸轧板,分别为原始6061铝合金板材、单独添加Mn元素的6061-0.4Mn铝合金板材和Mn/Zr复合添加的6061-0.4Mn-0.3Zr铝合金板材。采用电子背散射衍射(electron backscattered diffraction,EBSD)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、常温拉伸力学性能检测和拉伸断口分析等方式对3种6061铝合金铸轧板的组织和性能进行研究。结果结果表明,Mn元素不仅可以细化6061铝合金铸轧板的晶粒组织、提高小角度晶界的比例、抑制再结晶,还可以促进AlFeSi相向α-AlFeMnSi相转变,改善AlFeSi相形貌,减小AlFeSi相体积分数、抑制AlFeSi相的聚集促使其弥散分布。常温拉伸力学性能检测和拉伸断口实验结果表明,与原始6061铝合金铸轧板相比,单独添加Mn元素的6061铝合金铸轧板强度提升,但塑性明显下降,且断口呈现为脆性。Mn,Zr复合微合金化可以大幅降低小角度晶界比例,增强对6061铝合金铸轧板材组织再结晶的抑制作用。铸轧板组织中形成{100}<001>Cube织构,实现织构强化,进一步提高了铸轧板的强度和塑性,此时断口表现为韧性。结论Mn,Zr复合微合金化的6061铝合金铸轧板的综合力学性能更好,与单独添加0.4%Mn的铸轧板相比,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别提高了18.8%,37.8%,59.5%。Objectives To explore the effect of Mn and Zr composite microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plates,three types of 6061 aluminum alloy castrolling plates with different compositions were prepared:the original 6061 aluminum alloy plate,the 6061-0.4Mn aluminum alloy plate with Mn added alone,and the 6061-0.4Mn-0.3Zr aluminum alloy plate with Mn and Zr added.Methods The microstructure and properties of the three types of 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plates were studied using electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),room temperature tensile tests,and tensile fracture surface analysis.Results The results showed that Mn could refine the grain structure of the 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plates,increase the proportion of small-angle grain boundaries,and inhibit recrystallization.Mn also promoted the transformation of the AlFeSi phase to theα-AlFeMnSi phase,improved the morphology of the AlFeSi phase,reduced its volume fraction,inhibited its aggregation,and encouraged its dispersion.Room temperature tensile tests and fracture surface analysis revealed that while the addition of Mn alone improved the strength of the 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plates,it significantly reduced plasticity,making the fractures brittle.In contrast,composite microalloying with Mn and Zr significantly reduced the proportion of small-angle grain boundaries and enhanced the inhibition of recrystallization.of the microstructure of 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plate.The formation of{100}<001>Cube texture in the microstructure achieved texture strengthening,further improving both strength and plasticity,with fractures exhibiting toughness.Conclu⁃sions The comprehensive mechanical properties of the Mn and Zr composite microalloyed 6061 aluminum alloy cast-rolling plates were superior.Compared to the plates with 0.4 wt.%Mn alone,the tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation increased by 18.8%,37.8%,and 59.5%,respectively.

关 键 词：6061铝合金 微合金化 铸轧 织构强化 

分 类 号：TG292[金属学及工艺—铸造]