散偏远官兵抑郁和焦虑的流行率、相关因素及网络分析研究  

Prevalence,correlates,and network analysis of depression and anxiety among military personnel in dispersed remote areas

作　　者：杨梦圆 王一飞 蒲昭君 张芫蓓 李翊君 任垒 王秀超 刘旭峰 武圣君 YANG Mengyuan;WANG Yifei;PU Zhaojun;ZHANG Yuanbei;LI Yijun;REN Lei;WANG Xiuchao;LIU Xufeng;WU Shengjun(School of Military Medical Psychology,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China;Department of Military Psychology,Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force,Tianjin 300309,China;Military Mental Health Services&Research Center,Tianjin 300309,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学军事医学心理学系,陕西西安710032 [2]武警后勤学院军事心理学教研室,天津300309 [3]军事心理健康服务与研究中心,天津300309

出　　处：《空军军医大学学报》2024年第9期990-996,1002,共8页Journal of Air Force Medical University

基　　金：“十四五”军队后勤科研计划重点项目(BKJ21J013)。

摘　　要：目的调查中国散偏远官兵的抑郁、焦虑水平及其重要影响因素,为后期开展心理干预提供支持。方法本研究在符合散偏远定义的地区进行,共回收有效问卷362份;以北京地区部队为对照组,回收有效问卷459份。我们对散偏远和对照组官兵的人口学变量和心理健康状况进行比较,并进一步采用多元回归分析法和网络分析法探究散偏远官兵抑郁、焦虑与相关因素间的复杂关系。结果散偏远官兵抑郁症状发生率为34.3%,焦虑发生率为14.9%,散偏远官兵的抑郁、焦虑、压力和无聊倾向得分显著高于对照组,而认知重评和社会支持得分则显著低于对照组。散偏远官兵中独生子女和有躯体疾病的抑郁和焦虑得分更高。过度感知压力和无聊倾向是抑郁和焦虑的危险因素,而社会支持则是保护因素。网络分析的结果进一步揭示了表达抑制、认知重评在网络中的独特作用。结论在散偏远官兵中,独生子女和有躯体疾病的官兵应得到更多的关注;过度的压力、无聊倾向和表达抑制可能会对心理健康产生负面影响,而社会支持和认知重评则是有效的保护策略。Objective To investigate the levels of depression and anxiety and their significant influencing factors among military personal in dispersed remote areas,so as to provide support for later psychological interventions.Methods The research was conducted in areas that met the definition of dispersed remote areas,and 362 valid questionnaires were obtained,while 459 valid questionnaires were collected from troops in Beijing area as the control group.We compared the demographic variables and mental health status of dispersed remote troops and control group,and further used multiple regression analysis and network analysis to explore the complex relationships between depression,anxiety and related factors among military personal in dispersed remote areas.Results The prevalence of depression was 34.3%and that of anxiety was 14.9%in the dispersed remote troops.Military personal in dispersed remote areas had significantly higher scores on depression,anxiety,stress and boredom tendencies,and significantly lower scores on cognitive reappraisal and social support than those of the control group.Only children and those with physical diseases had significantly higher depression and anxiety scores.Excessive perceived stress and boredom tendencies were risk factors for depression and anxiety,while social support was a protective factor.The results of network analysis further explored the relationships between variables and revealed the specific roles of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in the network.Conclusion More attention should be paid to the only children and those with physical diseases among military personnel in dispersed remote areas.Excessive stress,boredom tendencies and expressive suppression may have a negative impact on mental health,while social support and cognitive reappraisal may be effective protective strategies.

关 键 词：抑郁 焦虑 网络分析 散偏远 官兵 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]