基于农田生境管理的农作物害虫生态防控研究进展  

search advances on ecological pest control of agricultural crops based on farmland habitat management

作　　者：张艳军 杨殿林 王慧 赵建宁 张海芳 何北辰 刘雨欣 向子仪 王杰 ZHANG Yanjun;YANG Dianlin;WANG Hui;ZHAO Jianning;ZHANG Haifang;HE Beichen;LIU Yuxin;XIANG Ziyi;WANG Jie(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2024年第5期997-1003,共7页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32271651);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(农业农村部环境保护科研监测所)。

摘　　要：农业的集约化伴随着非作物生境的丧失,导致了农田生物多样性的锐减,削弱了天敌对农作物害虫的天然控制作用。害虫重发频发和农药残留污染严重威胁人类的食物安全。基于农田生境管理保育农田生物多样性,利用生物之间的平衡作用实现对农作物害虫的生态防控,是破解集约化农田生态与环境问题的关键,也是促进农业绿色可持续发展的根本途径。本文简述了农作物害虫生态防控的发展,系统归纳了农田生境管理的概念、原理、技术及应用进展,重点展望了非作物生境管理领域理论研究、方法技术和组织实践的发展方向,旨在为农作物害虫生态防控相关理论研究及应用实践提供参考。The intensification of agriculture has led to the loss of non-crop habitats,resulting in a sharp decline in farmland biodiversity and weakening the control of agricultural pests by their natural enemies.The resurgence of pests and the serious threat of pesticide residue contamination pose significant risks to food security.Conservation of farmland biodiversity through farmland habitat management and the utilization of ecological control of crop pests based on the balance among organisms are crucial for addressing the ecological and environmental issues in intensified farmland.It represents the fundamental approach to promoting green and sustainable agricultural development.This paper briefly outlines the development of ecological pest control in agriculture,systematically summarizes the concepts,principles,techniques,and advancements in farmland habitat management.It focuses on prospects for theoretical research,methodological advancements,and organizational practices in non-crop habitat management,aiming to provide insights for theoretical research and practical applications in ecological pest control of agricultural crops.

关 键 词：农田生境管理 非作物生境 生物多样性 自然天敌 农作物害虫 生态防控 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]