基于多方法的猕猴种群数量县域快速调查与人猴冲突分析:以贵州长顺为例  

Rapid Assessment of Macaque Population Size Using Multiple Methods and Analysis of Human-Macaque Conflicts in County-level Areas:A Case Study of Changshun,Guizhou

作　　者：何曼芳 王丽娟 杨光美 曹和琴 刁奕欣 粟海军[1,2] He Manfang;Wang Lijuan;Yang Guangmei;Cao Heqin;Diao Yixin;Su Haijun(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Research Center for Biodiversity and Nature Conservation,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Forestry Resource Conservation Center of Qiannan Prefecture,Duyun 558000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护研究中心,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省黔南州林业资源保护中心,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2024年第5期18-25,共8页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060307);长顺县林业局委托猕猴调查横向项目。

摘　　要：近年来,猕猴(Macaca mulatta)在多地种群增长迅速且人猴冲突事件频发。摸清猕猴种群数量及其人猴冲突状况是开展有效管理的前提。本文以贵州长顺县为例,综合利用非诱导式访问、样线(带)与定点观测、红外相机配合夜宿地调查以及无人机调查等方法对贵州长顺县猕猴种群数量及人猴冲突现状进行调查分析。结果显示:(1)以95%的可靠性和62%的调查精度表明,长顺县域共分布有猕猴群体20群,总数351±138只,并集中分布于南部区域;(2)应用的调查方法各有优缺点,其中,样线(带)与定点观测法发现猴群几率较大,访问调查法较为便捷,多方法综合使用能有效弥补单一调查方法获取数据的局限性;(3)猕猴危害作物高峰期发生在6—7月,与当地主要受害作物种类玉米成熟期时间一致,同时观测到靠近山林和水源的作物更易遭受猕猴危害;(4)原住民对猕猴保护态度各有不同,其中,有47.92%的受访者对猕猴保护政策持积极态度,52.08%的受访者持消极态度,其保护态度主要受受访者主要收入来源、受教育程度和猕猴危害造成的损失程度3个因素影响。本研究可为西南山地区域性猕猴种群快速调查与保护管理决策提供有益参考。In recent years,the population of Macaca mulatta,commonly known as macaque,has been rapidly increasing in many areas,leading to frequent conflicts between humans and macaques.It is essential to comprehend the macaque population size and current status of human-macaque conflicts for efficient management strategies.Hence,this study utilized Changshun County in Guizhou Province as a case study to conduct a thorough investigation and analysis of macaque population size and the current situation of human-macaque conflicts.The research utlizied methods including non-inducible interviews,line transect(band)and fixed point observations,infrared cameras in conjunction with overnight site investigations,and UVA surveys.The results indicated a 95%reliability and 62%accuracy.They identified a total of 20 macaque groups in Changshun County,estimating a population of 351±138 individuals,predominantly clustered in the southern region.The survey methods employed exhibit distinct advantages and disadvantages.Line transect(band)and fixed point observation techniques enhance the likelihood of encountering monkey groups,whereas the non-inducible interviews method offered greater convenience.However,the combined utilization of multiple methods can effectively address the constraints of data collection associated with a single survey method.The peak period of crop damaged by macaques occurred in June and July,aligning with the ripening periods of key local crops such as corn.Crops situated in close proximity to forests and water sources exhibited higher vulnerability to macaque-induced destruction during this period.Indigenous perspectives on macaque conservation policies were diverse,with 47.92%of respondents expressing a positive attitude towards and 52.08%maintaining a negative view.The conservation attitudes of individuals were predominantly shaped by factors such as the respondent's primary source of income,level of education,and the degree of losses incurred due to macaque damage.This research could provide a valuable reference

关 键 词：猕猴 种群数量 人猴冲突 野外调查 贵州长顺 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]