天山云杉球果性状变异及其与地理因子关联性  

Variations of the Cone Characters of Picea schrenkiana var.tianschanica and Its Association with Geographical Factors

作　　者：魏立志 叶尔江·拜克吐尔汉 唐努尔·叶尔肯 车畅 王强[1] WEI Lizhi;YEERJIANG·Baike Tuerhan;TANG NUR·Yerken;CHE Chang;WANG Qiang(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Natural Forest Protection Center,Xinjiang Forestry and Grassland Administration,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业和草原局天然林保护中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第5期135-143,共9页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：中央财政林业改革发展资金(新林规字[2022]9号)。

摘　　要：以分布于天山中东部-天山西部沿线的4个天山云杉种群为材料,采用描述性统计、巢式方差分析、多重比较,聚类分析,讨论种群间及种群内球果、种鳞性状差异,分析天山云杉球果、种鳞性状随海拔梯度地理变化规律,运用Pearson相关性分析探究性状与地理、气候因子间的相关性,揭示地理变异规律。结果表明,天山云杉球果7个性状在种群间存在极显著差异(P<0.01),变异丰富,球果干质量的变异系数最大,在群体内变异幅度最高,球果宽的变异系数最小;天山云杉的球果干质量、球果长、球果宽、种鳞长、种鳞宽随海拔上升呈逐渐减小趋势,球果长宽比、种鳞长宽比随海拔梯度无显著变化;球果性状之间呈极显著相关关系,海拔和降水量影响球果大小;聚类分析将4个天然种群分为3类:第1类为天山中部种群和天山中西部种群;第2类为天山中东部种群;第3类为天山西部种群。天山云杉球果性状表型变异丰富,各个性状随海拔梯度存在一定变化规律。Picea schrenkiana var.tianschanica is an endemic tree species distributed in the mountainous areas of central Asia.In China,it is only found in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang,and has important ecological and scientific research values.In this study,four P.schrenkiana var.tianschanica populations distributed along the central and eastern Tianshan Mountains and western Tianshan Mountains were used as materials,and descriptive statistics,nest ANOVA,multiple comparisons,and cluster analysis were adopted to investigate the differences of cones and seed scale traits between and within the populations,and to analyze the geographical variations of cones and seed scale traits of P.schrenkiana var.tianschanica with altitude gradient.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between traits and geographical and climatic factors,and to reveal the geographical variation law.The results showed that there were significant differences between populations(P<0.01)in the 7 traits of cones with abundant variations,and the largest coefficient of variation was found in the dry cone mass,the highest variation in the population,and the smallest coefficient of variation in the cone width.The stem quality of cones,cone length,cone width,seed scale length and seed scale width gradually decreased with the increase of altitude,while the length to width ratio of cones and seed scale did not change significantly with the altitude gradient.There existed significant correlation between cone traits,and altitude and precipitation affected cone size.Cluster analysis divided the four natural populations into three categories:the first category was the central population of the Tianshan Mountains and the populations of the central and western parts of the mountains;the second category was the population of the central and eastern parts of the mountains;the third category was the western population of the mountains.The phenotypic variation of the traits of P.schrenkiana var.tianschanica cones is abundant,and there are certain

关 键 词：天山云杉 球果性状 海拔 经度 地理变异 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]