光竞争对杉木幼苗生长、生物量分配及叶片化学计量特征的影响  

Effects of Light Competition on the Growth,Biomass Allocation and Leaf Stoichiometry Characteristics of Chinese Fir Seedlings

作　　者：黄健 吴凯[1,2] Muhammad Ahtesham Aslam 黄勇来 马祥庆 吴鹏飞[1,2] HUANG Jian;WU Kai;Muhammad Ahtesham Aslam;HUANG Yonglai;MA Xiangqing;WU Pengfei(Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Engineer Research Center of Chinese Fir,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Seeding Station of Jian'ou Forestry Bureau,Nanping 353000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]福建建瓯市林业局种苗站,福建南平353000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第5期168-175,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2021YFD2201304-05);福建省林业科技项目(2023FKJ09)。

摘　　要：通过研究杉木幼苗在不同光竞争条件下的生长特性及叶片C、N、P化学计量响应策略,以探究光竞争环境下杉木叶片营养利用及生长适应性规律。选择生长均一杉木无性系幼苗,采用室内盆栽试验,通过调整相邻盆栽容器高度差以模拟相邻杉木获得不同光资源优势,形成具有明显光资源竞争优势植株(优势木)及竞争劣势的相邻植株(竞争木),根据调整后的高度差共设置3个光竞争强度:强度光竞争(高度差0 cm)、中度光竞争(高度差8 cm)、轻度光竞争(高度差16 cm),通过测定分析光竞争模拟处理1 a后参试幼苗苗高和地径、各器官生物量以及叶片C、N、P含量的差异性,分析各元素间化学计量比特征。结果表明,随着光竞争强度的减小,竞争木苗高比优势木高6.04%,地径比优势木小17.51%,根冠比增大,根系生物量分配比例增大至40.0%。随着光竞争强度的减小,竞争木植株叶片N含量增多达21.63 g/kg;优势木叶片C、P含量变化趋势相同,均随光竞争强度的减小先减小后增大,且显著大于竞争木(P<0.05);优势木C/N、C/P均随着光竞争强度的减小先增大后减小,竞争木C/P随光竞争强度的减小而增大。优势木叶生物量与P含量呈显著正相关,竞争木茎生物量与叶生物量呈显著正相关,与P含量呈显著正相关。不同光资源竞争位置杉木幼苗生长特性及叶片化学计量特征对不同光竞争强度适应策略有差异,表现为随光竞争强度的减小,处于光竞争劣势的竞争木生物量主要分配于地下根系,幼苗株形呈现“细高”的生长趋势;与之相反,光资源竞争的优势木则将生物量分配倾向于叶片,同时C、P含量明显减小,株形呈现“矮粗”的生长趋势。The present study aimed to investigate the influences of light competition on the growth characteristics of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)seedlings,as well as the response strategies of leaf C,N,and P stoichiometry to gain a deeper understanding of the nutrient utilization and growth adaptability of Chinese fir leaves in a light competition environment.Seedlings of Chinese fir clone with uniform growth status were selected as research objects.Indoor pot experiment was adopted.BY artificially adjusting theheight difference of adjacent potted containers,a simulated light competition environment between theseedlings were created to form the dominant seedlings and their neighboring competing seedlings characterizedby obvious competitive advantages in light resources.Three light competition intensities were setbased on the pot height difference intensive light competition (height difference 0 cm),moderate light competition(height difference 8 cm),and mild light competition (height difference 16 cm).After one year ofmeasuring and analyzing the light competition simulation treatment,the seedling height and ground diameterof the participating seedlings were tested.The study analyzed the differences in the biomass of variousorgans and the content of C,N,and P of leaves,as well as the characteristics of the stoichiometric ratio betweenthe elements.As the light competition intensity decreased,the height of competing seedlings increasedby 6.04% compared to dominant wood,while the ground diameter decreased by 17.51%.The rootto-head ratio and root biomass allocation ratio also increased to 40.0%.Additionally,the N content of theleaves in competing seedlings increased to 21.63 g/kg.On the other hand,the C and P contents of dominantseedling leaves decreased and then increased with a decrease in light competition intensity,which wassignificantly greater than that of competing wood (P <0.05).The C/N and C/P of dominant seedlings increasedfirstly and then decreased,while the C/P of competing seedlings increased with the decre

关 键 词：光资源竞争 杉木 生态化学计量学 生长特性 根冠比 

分 类 号：S725.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]