基于rDNA测序的连作大豆土壤微生物群落变化规律研究  

Changes of Soil Microbial Community of Continuous Cropping Soybean Based on rDNA Sequencing

作　　者：曲晓华 戴艳婷 赵晓燕 QU Xiaohua;DAI Yanting;ZHAO Xiaoyan(Ecology Institute,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Jinan 250103,China;Weihai City Management Integrated Service Center,Weihai 264200,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生态研究所/山东省应用微生物重点实验室,山东济南250103 [2]威海市城市管理综合服务中心,山东威海264200

出　　处：《大豆科学》2024年第5期632-640,共9页Soybean Science

基　　金：山东省重点研发项目(2019GSF109012);青岛市科技惠民示范专项(23-2-8-xdny-5-nsh)。

摘　　要：为寻找连作障碍与土壤微生物群落之间的联系,从土壤微生物群落生态的角度研究大豆连作障碍的机理,以大豆正茬、连作4,6,8和10年的大豆盛花期土体和根际土壤为研究对象,采用16S/18S rDNA PCR-DGGE方法,对比连作不同年份土壤中细菌和真菌种群结构的变化规律,并对差异性电泳条带进行测序比对。结果显示:聚类分析表明,连作不同年份的土体土聚在一簇,根际土聚在另一簇,土体土细菌和真菌群落结构明显不同于根际土壤;16S rDNA的DGGE图谱表明,土体细菌群落没有发现明显的条带变化,根际细菌种群出现了明显的变化,变化较大的细菌种群经序列比对表明多为Proteobacterium,是一种固氮菌;18S rDNA的DGGE图谱表明,各处理间真菌结构存在一定差异和变化,不同处理间一些条带出现或消失,变化较大的真菌种群经序列比对表明多为Trichosporon pullulans、Temellomycete、Phoma sp.、Cladosporium cladosporioides、Trichosporon pullulans和Cyathus striatus。结果说明细菌和真菌的根际效应很明显,连作大豆细菌种群变化不大,对真菌种群结构影响较大,研究结果可为大豆连作障碍机理研究提供科学依据。In order to find out the relationship between continuous cropping barriers and soil microbial communities,this research studied the mechanism of soybean continuous cropping obstacles from the ecological view of soil microbial community,the soil and rhizosphere soil of soybean in full flowering period of soybean stubble and continuous cropping for 4,6,8 and 10 years were taken as the research objects,the 16S/18S rDNA PCR-DGGE method was used to study the characteristics of soil and rhizosphere in full flowering stage of soybean,the population structure of bacteria and fungi in different years of continuous cropping soil were compared,and the differential electrophoresis bands were sequenced and compared.The results show:cluster analysis shows soil is clustered in one cluster and rhizosphere soil in another cluster,the community structure of bacteria and fungi is obviously different from that of rhizosphere soil.The DGGE map of 16S rDNA showed that there was no obvious change in the soil bacterial community,but there was obvious change in the rhizosphere bacterial population.The sequence alignments showed that most of them were Proteobacterium,which was a kind of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.The DGGE map of 18S rDNA showed that there were some differences and changes in the fungal structure among the treatments,and some bands appeared or disappeared in different treatments,the sequence alignments showed that most of the fungi with great variation were Trichosporon pullulans,Temellomycete,Phoma sp.,Cladosporium cladosporioides,Trichosporon pullulans and Cyathus striatus.Results showed that the rhizosphere effect of bacteria and fungi was obvious,and the change of bacterial population in soybean soil was not obvious,and it had great effect on the structure of fungal population.The results can provide scientific basis for the mechanism of soybean continuous cropping obstacle.

关 键 词：大豆 连作 土壤微生物 细菌 真菌 种群结构 RDNA 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S565.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]