地下滴灌关键技术参数对砂土地区苜蓿根系与产量的影响  

Influence of Key Technical Parameters of Subsurface Drip Irrigation to the Root System and Yield of Alfalfa

作　　者：畅利毛 郑和祥[2] 王万宁 张松[3] 刘晋 石海治 CHANG Limao;ZHENG Hexiang;WANG Wanning;ZHANG Song;LIU Jin;SHI Haizhi(Geological Survey Research Institute of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010041,China;Institute of Water Resources Science of Pasturing Area of the Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Etoke Qianqi Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Water Conservancy Bureau,Ordos 016200,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区地质调查研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010041 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [4]鄂托克前旗农牧和水利局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯016200

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第10期127-132,153,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：“科技兴蒙”重点项目(2021EEDSCXSFQZD010,KJXM-EEDS-2020010-01);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2024QN05049)。

摘　　要：为研究地下滴灌条件下,适宜于紫花苜蓿根系生长和高产的滴头流量、滴灌带埋深以及灌水定额,采用田间试验,设3个滴灌带滴头流量(1.38、2.00、3.00 L/h),3个滴灌带埋深(10、20、30 cm)和3个地下滴灌灌水定额(15.0、22.5、30.0 mm),研究了不同地下滴灌关键技术参数对苜蓿根系与产量的单因素影响。结果表明:滴头流量为2.00 L/h时更有利于苜蓿根系的生长,滴灌带埋深对苜蓿侧根的影响显著;灌水定额对苜蓿的根系比表面积、根尖数、侧根发生数、侧根位置影响显著;小滴头流量处理的苜蓿产量总体上高于大滴头流量处理;滴灌带埋深对苜蓿产量的影响不显著;在一定范围内,随着灌水定额的增大,苜蓿产量增加。综合节水与产量因素,建议鄂尔多斯市鄂托克前旗地区紫花苜蓿地下滴灌关键技术参数:滴头流量为2.00 L/h、滴灌带埋深为20 cm、灌水定额为22.5 mm。In order to study the suitable drip head flow,buried depth and irrigation quota of alfalfa under subsurface drip irrigation,field experiments were carried out to study the single factor effects of key technical parameters of subsurface drip irrigation on alfalfa root system and yield by setting three drip irrigation areas with drip head flow(1.38,2.00 and 3.00 L/h),three buried depths of drip irrigation area(10,20 and 30 cm)and three subsurface drip irrigation water quota(15.0,22.5 and 30.0 mm).The results show that when the drip flow rate is 2.00 L/h,the growth of alfalfa root system is more favorable and the buried depth of drip irrigation has a significant effect on lateral roots of alfalfa.Irrigation quota has significant effects on specific root surface area,root tip number,lateral root occurrence number and lateral root position of alfalfa.The yield of alfalfa treated with small drip flow is generally higher than that treated with large drip flow.The buried depth of drip irrigation area has no significant effect on alfalfa yield.In a certain range,the yield of alfalfa is increased gradually with the increase of irrigation quota.Considering the factors of water saving and yield,it is suggested that the key technical parameters of alfalfa subsurface drip irrigation in Etoke Qianqi area of Ordos are as follows:The drip head flow is 2.00 L/h,the buried depth of drip irrigation area is 20 cm,and the irrigation quota is 22.5 mm.

关 键 词：地下滴灌 苜蓿 滴头流量 滴灌带埋深 作物根系 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]