基于甲酸的储制氢技术现状与发展趋势  

Status and development trends of hydrogen storage and production technology based on formic acid

作　　者：党志东 李洪旭 吕新春 庞书阳 蔡嘉斌 蔡哲超 孙毅飞 DANG Zhidong;LI Hongxu;LV Xinchun;PANG Shuyang;CAI Jiabin;CAI Zhechao;SUN Yifei(Xiamen Goloop Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361003,Fujian,China;Luxi Chemical Group Co.,Ltd.,Liaocheng 252211,Shandong,China;College of Energy,Xiamen University,Xiamen 363102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门固洛潽能源科技有限公司,福建厦门361003 [2]鲁西化工集团股份有限公司,山东聊城252211 [3]厦门大学能源学院,福建厦门363102

出　　处：《低碳化学与化工》2024年第9期88-96,共9页Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

摘　　要：甲酸具有高达53 g/L的体积储氢量,毒性和可燃性相对较低,便于储存及运输,是一种颇具应用前景的氢能载体。以甲酸作为储氢介质,可有效避免氢气液化和压缩等繁琐过程,从而实现氢能的高效利用。阐述了甲酸制氢原理,综述了该领域催化剂研究的最新进展,包括负载型异相催化剂体系,以及贵金属、非贵金属均相催化剂体系。总结了撬装式甲酸制氢系统、撬装式甲酸制氢-燃料电池发电系统的发展现状,讨论了其潜在的应用方向,并对基于绿色甲酸制氢的零碳循环进行了展望。Formic acid,with a volumetric hydrogen storage capacity of up to 53 g/L,has relatively low toxicity and flammability,making it convenient for storage and transportation,so it is a promising hydrogen carrier for practical applications.Utilizing formic acid as a hydrogen storage medium can effectively avoid the cumbersome processes of hydrogen liquefaction and compression,thereby achieving efficient utilization of hydrogen energy.The principles of hydrogen production from formic acid were elucidated and the latest research advancements of catalysts in this field were reviewed,including supported heterogeneous catalyst systems and homogeneous catalyst systems comprising precious and non-precious metals.The current development status of skid-mounted formic acid hydrogen production systems and skid-mounted formic acid hydrogen production-fuel cell power generation systems were summarized.Their potential application directions were discussed,and a concept of zero-carbon cycle based on green formic acid hydrogen production was proposed.

关 键 词：甲酸制氢 催化剂 撬装式制氢 撬装式发电 绿色甲酸 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程] TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]