“双碳”目标下我国油气田绿色低碳发展路径研究  

Research on Green and Low-carbon Development Path of Oil and GasFields in China under Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals

作　　者：赵清民[1] Zhao Qingmin(SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration&Production Research Institute,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京102206

出　　处：《中外能源》2024年第10期1-5,共5页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中国工程院学部重点战略研究与咨询项目“数智化赋能油气绿色低碳发展战略研究”(编号:2024-XZ-27)。

摘　　要：油气田绿色低碳发展是必然趋势。近年来国内油气行业绿色低碳转型步伐不断加快,但同时也面临油气资源禀赋较差,油气生产单位能耗和单位碳排放强度较大,新能源在油气生产用能结构中占比低,油气绿色开发技术体系不完善等问题。为保持国内原油产量长期稳定,需要加大勘探开发力度,而这势必带来更大规模的碳排放,因此需要统筹推进油气增储上产和绿色低碳油气田建设。我国陆上油气田绿色低碳发展可分为三个阶段:2024~2030年为清洁替代阶段,2030年前后建成一批绿色低碳开发示范油气田,温室气体排放达到峰值;2030~2035年为战略过渡阶段,大幅提高清洁能源生产供应能力和碳减排能力,温室气体排放量较峰值下降20%以上;2035~2050年为绿色低碳转型阶段,2050年全面实现陆上油气田绿色低碳开发。油气田绿色低碳发展应以油气勘探开发全过程、全环节碳足迹为主线,通过“源头洁净化、过程高效能、末端捕集封存利用”,实现油气生产全生命周期减碳、降碳、固碳。要做好顶层设计,促进油气与新能源融合发展,加大技术攻关力度,形成全产业链油气绿色开发技术。The green and low-carbon development of oil and gas fields is an inevitable trend.In recent years,the pace of green and low-carbon transformation of the domestic oil and gas industry has been accelerating.Still,it faces problems such as poor oil and gas resources endowment,high unit energy consumption and unit carbon emission intensity of oil and gas production,low proportion of new energy in the energy structure of oil and gas production,and imperfect oil and gas green development technology system.To maintain the longterm stability of domestic crude oil production,it is necessary to increase exploration and development efforts,which are bound to bring about larger-scale carbon emissions.Therefore,coordinated development of growing oil and gas reserves and production,and the construction of green and low-carbon oil and gas fields may be promoted.The green and low-carbon development of onshore oil and gas fields in China can be divided into three stages:2024-2030 is a clean substitution stage,and green and low-carbon development demonstration oil and gas fields will be built around 2030,with greenhouse gas emissions reaching their peak;2030-2035 is a strategic transition phase,in which the clean energy production and supply capacity and carbon emission re-duction capacity will be significantly improved,and greenhouse gas emissions will drop by more than 20%from their peak levels;2035-2050 is a stage of green and low-carbon transformation,and green and low-car-bon development of onshore oil and gas fields will be fully realized in 2050.The green and low-carbon de-velopment of oil and gas fields should focus on the carbon footprint of the entire process and links of oil and gas exploration and development,and achieve carbon content reduction,carbon emission reduction,and carbon sequestration during the whole life cycle of oil and gas production through"clean purification at the source,efficient process,and end capture,storage,and utilization".It is necessary to carry out top-level design,achieve integrated developm

关 键 词：油气行业 绿色低碳 单位能耗 碳排放 新能源 碳捕集封存利用 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]