改性三氯化铝催化剂研究进展  

Research Progress of Modified Aluminum Trichloride Catalyst

作　　者：付子盈 史建公 苏海霞 焦阳 张毅 李斌 Fu Ziying;Shi Jiangong;Su Haixia;Jiao Yang;Zhang Yi;Li Bin(Engineering Technology Research Institute of SINOPEC Catalyst Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101111;SINOPEC Catalyst Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101102)

机构地区：[1]中国石化催化剂有限公司工程技术研究院,北京101111 [2]中国石化催化剂有限公司,北京101102

出　　处：《中外能源》2024年第10期75-79,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：对于傅-克烷基化或酰基化反应,金属卤化物(Lewis酸)是最重要和最有效的一类催化剂,其中无水三氯化铝以其优异的催化性能和廉价易得应用最广泛,但其自身有很多缺点,如有腐蚀性。将三氯化铝(AlCl_(3))改性是扩大其应用范围,提高其使用性能的有效途径。AlCl_(3)催化剂改性的主要途径有:一是固载化,固载化的载体有γ-Al_(2)O_(3)、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、阳离子交换树脂、HY分子筛、SBA-15分子筛、Al及膨润土等,其中以γ-Al_(2)O_(3)为载体的固载化催化剂最有希望实现产业化;AlCl_(3)固载化的方法有真空气相固载、有机溶剂固载;AlCl_(3)负载催化剂改性的难点在于无水处理,其关键在于提高负载量,其核心在于增强AlCl_(3)与载体的结合度。二是络合化,将AlCl_(3)与溶剂形成络合物,或与酰胺形成AlCl_(3)-酰胺络合物催化剂。For Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation reactions,metal halides(Lewis acids)are the most im-portant and effective catalysts,among which anhydrous aluminum trichloride is the most widely used for its excellent catalytic performance,low cost and availability,but it has many shortcomings such as corrosiveness.The modification of aluminum trichloride(AlCl_(3))is an effective way to expand its application range and im-prove its performance.The main ways of AlCl_(3)catalyst modification are immobilization and complexation.For immobilization,the carriers include-Al_(2)O_(3),polystyrene resin,polyvinyl chloride resin,cation exchange resin,HY molecular sieve,SBA-15 molecular sieve,Al and bentonite.Among them,the supported catalyst with-Al_(2)O_(3)as the carrier is the most promising to achieve industrialization.The methods for AlCl_(3)immobilization include vacuum gas-phase immobilization and organic solvent immobilization.The difficulty in modifying AlCl_(3)supported catalyst lies in anhydrous treatment,the key is to increase the loading capacity,and the core is to enhance the binding degree of AlCl_(3)and the carrier.For complexation,AlCl_(3)forms a complex with a solvent or forms an AlCl_(3)-amide complex catalyst with an amide.

关 键 词：三氯化铝 负载化三氯化铝 络合改性三氯化铝 进展 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]