三泥资源化处理系统在延迟焦化装置的应用  

Application of Sludge Resources Recycle System in Delayed Coking Unit

作　　者：张勇 张新兵 张体木 Zhang Yong;Zhang Xinbing;Zhang Timu(PetroChina Liaohe Petrochemical Company,Panjin Liaoning 124010;Shanghai Youhua Process Technology Company Ltd.,Shanghai 200127)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司辽河石化分公司,辽宁盘锦124010 [2]上海优华系统集成技术股份有限公司,上海200127

出　　处：《中外能源》2024年第10期93-98,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：在炼油厂的生产工艺中,废渣和废水进入污水车间处理时,有害物质被浓缩到三泥中,三泥为工业危险固废,处置不当会造成严重的环境污染,需要委托有资质的单位专门处理,处理费用较高,可以结合炼油厂内的余热,对三泥进行减量化、资源化处理,降低委外费用,减少次生的环境污染。延迟焦化装置是一种将重质油转化为轻质油和焦炭的石油加工装置,延迟焦化装置焦炭塔冷焦期间,焦炭塔内的焦炭温度达400℃以上,需要用蒸汽以及冷焦水将焦炭温度降低至100℃以下,既增加了装置的能耗,也浪费了大量的热量。采用三泥资源化处理系统专有技术及设备,将三泥通过均质预处理,再经智能喷雾系统雾化后引入焦炭塔内,在高温焦炭的作用下,三泥发生物理化学反应,三泥中的水和轻油被加热汽化进入下游放空塔,三泥中的固体杂质以及重油留在焦炭塔内作为焦炭产品的组成部分。经工业化应用,100×10^(4)t/a延迟焦化装置焦炭塔大吹气冷焦期间每天可以处理三泥30t以上,每年能处理三泥可达10000t。炼油厂三泥进行减量化、资源化处理,对全厂带来较好的经济效益和环保效益。For the production processes in refineries,when waste residue and wastewater are sent to sewage plant for treatment,harmful substances are concentrated into three types of sludges which are hazardous in-dustrial solid wastes.Improper treatment of these sludges will cause serious environmental pollution,so it is necessary to entrust qualified institutions to carry out special treatment,and the treatment cost is high.The three sludges can be reduced and recycled using the waste heat in refineries to reduce the outsourcing cost and secondary environmental pollution.Delayed coking unit is an oil processing unit that converts heavy oils into light oils and coke.During the coke cooling operation of the coke drum in delayed coking unit,the coke temperature in coke drum reaches more than 400℃.It is necessary to use steam and coke cooling water to reduce the coke temperature to below 100℃,not only increasing the energy consumption of the unit,but also wasting a large amount of heat.Using the proprietary technology and equipment of sludge resources recovery system,the three sludges undergo homogeneous pretreatment before being atomized by an intelligent spray sys-tem and introduced into coke drum.Under the action of high temperature coke,the three sludges undergo physical and chemical reactions.The water and light oils in the three sludges are heated and vaporized before entering the downstream venting tower,while the solid impurities and heavy oils in the three sludges remain in the coke drum as the components of coke products.After industrial application,the coke drum of the 1000kt/a delayed coking unit can handle more than 30 tons of the three sludges per day during steam blow-ing for coke cooling,and 10000 tons of the three sludges can be treated each year.The reduction and re-sources recycle of the three sludges in refineries can bring better economic and environmental benefits to re-fineries.

关 键 词：喷雾系统 延迟焦化 焦炭塔 节能 三泥 冷焦 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]