移动源分子筛脱硝催化剂研究进展  

Research Progress of Mobile Source Molecular Sieve Denitrification Catalyst

作　　者：李昊 邓志权 李国波 彭洪根[1] LI Hao;DENG Zhiquan;LI Guobo;PENG Honggen(School of Resources and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源与环境学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2024年第9期773-785,772,共14页Materials China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2023YFA1508400);国家自然科学基金资助项目(22276086,22306086);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20202ACB213001,20232BCJ22003,20232BAB213028);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0950)

摘　　要：柴油车尾气是大气中氮氧化物(NO_(x))的主要来源之一,NH 3选择性催化还原(NH_(3)-SCR)是目前移动源脱硝最成熟的技术手段。在过去的十几年中,金属基分子筛催化剂因其较宽的活性温度窗口、较好的热稳定性的优点,成为了柴油车尾气脱硝催化剂的重点研究对象,其中,Cu基小孔分子筛催化剂已经实现了商业化应用。但日益严格的NO_(x)排放标准对脱硝催化剂的低温活性、水热稳定性和抗中毒性等性能提出了更高的要求。因此,许多学者围绕分子筛催化剂的催化机理及改良策略进行了更深入的研究,并取得了不错的进展。从反应机理、低温活性、水热稳定性、中毒及抗中毒策略等方面综述了分子筛NH_(3)-SCR催化剂的研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望,旨在为高性能分子筛脱硝催化剂的开发提供理论指导。Diesel vehicle exhaust is one of the main sources of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))in the atmosphere,and selective catalytic reduction of NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR)is the most mature technical means to remove NO_(x) from mobile sources.In the past decade,metal-based molecular sieve catalysts have become the focus of NO_(x) removal catalysts in diesel vehicle exhaust due to their advantages of wider activity temperature window and better thermal stability,among which,Cu-based small-pore molecular sieve catalysts have already been commercially applied.However,the increasingly stringent NO_(x) emission standards have put forward higher requirements on the performance of denitrification catalysts in terms of low-temperature activity,hydrothermal stability,and resistance to toxicity.Therefore,many scholars have conducted more in-depth research on the catalytic mechanism and improvement strategy of molecular sieve catalysts,and good progress has been achieved.In this paper,the research progress of molecular sieve NH_(3)-SCR catalysts is reviewed from the aspects of reaction mechanism,low-temperature activity,hydrothermal stability,poisoning and anti-poisoning strategy,and its application prospect is prospected,aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the development of high-performance molecular sieve denitrification catalysts.

关 键 词：选择性催化还原 分子筛 反应活性 水热稳定性 中毒及抗中毒 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程] X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]