菠菜播种收割一体机结构设计与有限元分析  

Structural design and finite element analysis of spinach seeding and harvesting machine

作　　者：盛敬[1] 容皓 晏龙 陈璐 SHENG Jing;RONG Hao;YAN Long;CHEN Lu(Jiangxi Province Key Laboratroy of Precision Drive and Equipment,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院精密驱动与装备江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330099

出　　处：《南昌工程学院学报》2024年第4期75-83,共9页Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology

基　　金：南昌工程学院2023年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2023039)。

摘　　要：针对现有菠菜收割机留根、铲根深浅不一以及播种机撒播效率低、线绳播种成本高等问题,通过理论计算和SolidWorks建模分析,设计了一种犁地深度可调、整株收割、定量等距播种的菠菜播种收割一体机。采用Simulation模块对优化的机架和犁进行有限元分析发现,机架的大部分最大应力点位于机架前端的输料口处,在制造时需提高此处的焊接质量;犁须选用耐腐蚀性好的材料以减少其在腐蚀性土壤环境中的损坏。通过综合比较和有限元分析发现,机架所受最大应力均小于玻璃钢屈服极限,若通过合理成型设计弥补玻璃钢的成形性差等问题,有望使其成为未来农机具中犁制造的优选材料。研究结果可为菠菜播种收割一体机设计和关键部件优化提供一定理论参考。In response to the existing problems of spinach harvesters leaving roots,uneven root cutting depths,and the low sowing efficiency of broadcast seeders,as well as the high cost of line seeders,we innovatively designed a spinach seeding and harvesting machine that can adjust plowing depth,harvest whole plants,and sow seeds at a fixed distance through theoretical calculations and SolidWorks modeling,and built a smart fish model.We used the Simulation module for finite element analysis of the frame,and the results show that the maximum stress points of the machine are mainly located at the feed port at the front end of the frame.Therefore,during manufacturing,we need to enhance the welding strength at this location.Additionally,to reduce damage to the main working part-the plow-in greenhouses and corrosive soil environments,we use fiberglass with excellent corrosion resistance instead of gray cast iron.The comprehensive comparison and finite element analysis results indicate that the strength and hardness of the fiberglass material are appropriate.If properly designed for molding,fiberglass can achieve better long-term cost-effectiveness and is expected to become the preferred material for plow manufacturing in future agricultural machinery.In summary,this paper can provide some theoretical references for enterprises in the future design of spinach seeding and harvesting machines and the optimization of key components.

关 键 词：菠菜播种收割一体机 Simulation 玻璃钢材料 结构设计 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB115[理学—数学]