我国进境检疫性镰孢属物种的分类现状  

Taxonomic statuses of quarantine-significant Fusarium species of China

作　　者：秦玉凡 赵鹏 韩士玲 刘芳 王科 段维军 巩文峰[4] 王海香[1] 蔡磊[2] QIN Yufan;ZHAO Peng;HAN Shiling;LIU Fang;WANG Ke;DUAN Weijun;GONG Wenfeng;WANG Haixiang;CAI Lei(Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Ningbo 315012,Zhejiang,China;Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,Xizang,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西晋中030801 [2]中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]宁波检验检疫科学技术研究院,浙江宁波315012 [4]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第9期1-19,共19页Mycosystema

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目重点研发计划(XZ202201ZY0011N);国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0608801);中国科学院战略生物资源计划(KFJ-BRP-009)。

摘　　要：镰孢属Fusarium可造成重要的农林作物病害,为防止该属外来有害种类的引入和传播,2007年国家质检总局和农业部共同制定《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》,并将镰孢属内的松树脂溃疡病菌F.circinatum、南美大豆猝死综合征病菌F.tucumaniae、北美大豆猝死综合征病菌F.virguliforme以及尖孢镰孢F.oxysporum的5个专化型(formae speciales)列为进境检疫性有害生物。近年来,随着镰孢属与相关属种分类系统的重建,包括上述检疫性有害种在内的一些镰孢属相关物种的国际通用属、种名称发生了变化。本文结合命名法规、形态学特征、分子系统发育分析等结果,建议将名录中的松树脂溃疡病菌F.circinatum的中文学名订正为环状镰孢;将油棕枯萎病菌F.oxysporum f.sp.elaeidis中文学名及拉丁学名订正为油棕镰孢F.elaeidis;确认南美大豆猝死综合征病菌F.tucumaniae及北美大豆猝死综合征病菌F.virguliforme为同一物种,中文学名及拉丁学名订正为菜豆新赤壳Neocosmospora phaseoli。本研究发现香蕉枯萎病菌(4号小种及非中国小种)、芹菜枯萎病菌、芦笋枯萎病菌及草莓枯萎病菌并非单系类群,亟待开展系统的分类学修订工作,并评估相关代表潜在独立物种的谱系的生物安全意义。本文梳理了名录中镰孢属物种及专化型的分类变动情况,并对其分类地位、拉丁学名、汉语学名及其他基础生物学信息进行了更新,为检疫性名录的修订提供重要参考。Fusarium circinatum,F.tucumaniae,F.virguliforme and five formae speciales of F.oxysporum have been included in the“List of Quarantine Pests of Import Plants in the People’s Republic of China”in 2007.This article aims at revising the scientific names of these species and formae speciales in accordance with the current taxonomic system of the genus Fusarium and related genera in Nectriaceae.It is suggested that the Chinese name for the causal agent of pine pitch canker is revised as huan zhuang lian bao(环状镰孢).The Chinese and scientific names of the oil palm wilt pathogen are revised as you zong lian bao(油棕镰孢)and F.elaeidis.It has been clarified that the pathogens responsible for South American soybean sudden death syndrome,F.tucumaniae,and North American soybean sudden death syndrome,F.virguliforme,are the same species in the genus Neocosmospora,and the Chinese name and scientific name are now revised as cai dou xin chi qiao(菜豆新赤壳)and N.phaseoli,respectively.Additionally,this study indicates that the pathogens responsible for the banana wilt(race 4 and non-Chinese race),celery wilt,asparagus wilt,and strawberry wilt are not monophyletic,suggesting the necessity for taxonomic revisions of these formae speciales of F.oxysporum.These updates are references for future revisions and renewal of the quarantine pest lists.

关 键 词：镰孢属 分类修订 植物检疫 学名 单系类群 

分 类 号：S40[农业科学—植物保护]