膜萃取技术在湿法冶金中的研究进展  

Research Progress on Membrane Extraction Technology in Hydrometallurgy

作　　者：朱山 陈珏 ZHU Shan;CHEN Jue(School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Liupanshui Normal University,Liupanshui 553004,China;College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China)

机构地区：[1]六盘水师范学院化学与材料工程学院,贵州六盘水553004 [2]大连大学环境与化学工程学院,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2024年第5期473-482,共10页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：六盘水师范学院联合培养研究生科研项目(LPSSYLPY202201);贵州省教育厅自然科学研究重点领域项目(黔教合KY字[2020]049);六盘水师范学院培育项目(LPSSY2023KJZDPY05);六盘水市科技局项目(52020-2023-0-2-17);贵州省一流专业项目(GZSylzy202103);贵州省高等学校煤炭产业碳中和工程研究中心项目(黔教技[2023]044号);贵州省教育厅项目(黔教技[2023]087号);上海市研究生创新基金资助项目(JWCXSL1302,1571665125);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(13ZZ117)。

摘　　要：综述了乳状液膜(ELM)、支撑液膜(SLM)和聚合物包容膜(PIM)的组成、制备方法、传质机制,以及近5年来3种膜在湿法冶金中的研究进展,总结了3种膜在湿法冶金中存在的优点和缺点。针对ELM膜相不稳定、破乳困难,SLM膜相不稳定、易流失,PIM传质效率较低、耗时长等缺点提出了相应的弥补方法。对3种膜在湿法冶金领域未来的发展方向进行了展望,为进一步促进膜萃取技术在湿法冶金中的应用研究,加快膜萃取技术工业化生产提供了重要依据。The composition,preparation methods,and mass transfer mechanisms of ELM(emulsion liquid membrane),SLM(supported liquid membrane),and PIM(polymeric inclusion membrane),and the research progress of these three types of membranes in hydrometallurgy in recent 5 years are reviewed.Additionally,the advantages and disadvantages of the three membranes in hydrometallurgy were summarized,and the solution to the problems such as ELM films exhibited instability and difficulties with emulsion breaking,SLM membranes tended to be unstable with the membrane phase is lost to the water phase and PIM demonstrated lower mass transfer efficiency requiring longer time to reach equilibrium are proposed.Finally,the future development direction for the three membranes in the field of hydrometallurgy are prospected,providing a crucial foundation for further promoting the application of membrane extraction technology in hydrometallurgy and expediting the industrial production of membrane extraction technology.

关 键 词：膜 溶剂萃取 回收 ELM SLM PIM 研究进展 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TQ028[化学工程]