磷-硅复配药剂对含铍废渣的固化稳定化效果研究  

Solidification and Stabilization of Beryllium Containing Waste Residue by Phosphorus-silicon Composite Agent

作　　者：战琪 刘艳 Zhan Qi;Liu Yan(School of Environmental Engineering,Changsha Environmental Protection College,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Modern Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙环境保护职业技术学院环境工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南现代环境科技股份有限公司,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《山东化工》2024年第17期267-269,273,共4页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目:基于地球化学的含铍废渣清洁利用与无害化处置技术研发及示范(2022SK2072)。

摘　　要：含铍废渣存量多、危害大,具有较高的环境风险。为实现含铍废渣高效、经济的安全处置,提出了基于磷-硅复配药剂的固化稳定化思路。以湖南某铍冶炼厂废水处理过程中产生的环保渣为处理对象,以磷酸盐和水泥为复配试剂,探索了对铍渣固化稳定化的可行性。结果表明,pH值对铍渣固化稳定化效果有重要影响,如果铍渣的铍浸出浓度越低,所需控制的铍渣固化稳定化pH值范围越窄(pH值=9左右)。选用单一试剂时,水泥对铍渣的固化效果更好。当水泥投加量为10%时,铍的浸出质量浓度为0.037 mg/L,满足《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》(GB 18598—2019)中0.2 mg/L的限值要求。选用复配试剂时,控制磷酸盐加入量5%、水泥加入量10%,先加入磷酸盐并搅拌10 min后再加入水泥进行固化,铍浸出质量浓度为0.015 mg/L,满足《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)标准中20μg/L限值的要求,固化后的铍渣达到一般固废处置标准。There is a large amount of beryllium containing waste residue,which poses significant environmental risks and poses significant risks.For efficient,economical and safe disposal of beryllium containing waste residue,a solidification and stabilization approach based on phosphorus-silicon composite agents is proposed.The environmentally friendly slag generated during the wastewater treatment process in a beryllium smelting plant in Hunan province is treated using phosphate and cement as composite reagents.The feasibility of solidification and stabilization of beryllium containing waste residue was explored.The results indicate that pH has an important impact on the solidification and stabilization effect of beryllium slag.If the beryllium leaching concentration of beryllium slag is required to be lower,the pH range for controlling the solidification and stabilization of beryllium slag is narrower(pH value about 9).When selecting the single reagent,the solidification effect of cement on beryllium slag is better.When the cement dosage is 10%,the leaching concentration of beryllium is 0.037 mg/L,which meets the limit requirement of 0.2 mg/L in the Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Landfill(GB 18598—2019).When selecting composite reagents,the amount of phosphate added is controlled at 5%and cement added is controlled at 10%.Phosphate is added first and is stirred for 10 minutes before adding cement for solidification.The beryllium leaching concentration is 0.015 mg/L,which meets the standard of 20μg/L in the Identification Standard for Leaching Toxicity of Hazardous Waste(GB 5085.3—2007).The stabilized beryllium slag meets the standard for ordinary solid waste disposal.

关 键 词：含铍废渣 固化稳定化 效果 磷-硅复配药剂 浸出毒性 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]