外源NO与腐胺对草莓幼苗抗旱性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide and Putrescine on Drought Resistance of Strawberry Seedlings

作　　者：李文静 石硕 张郝 张江燕 宋思豪 杨爱珍[1] 沈元月[1] 郭家选[1] 高凡[1] LI Wenjing;SHI Shuo;ZHANG Hao;ZHANG Jiangyan;SONG Sihao;YANG Aizhen;SHEN Yuanyue;GUO Jiaxuan;GAO Fan(Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Bioscience and Resources Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Lassen Canyon Nursery,Inc,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京农学院生物与资源环境学院,北京102206 [2]拉森峡谷农业发展(北京)有限责任公司,北京102200

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第9期2131-2142,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32072516,32030100,32272648);北京市教委科研计划项目(KM202310020013)。

摘　　要：采用10%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,胁迫前叶面喷施外源一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)、腐胺(Put)、NO合成酶(NOS)的抑制剂(N~G-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester,L-NAME)和腐胺精氨酸合成途径关键酶即精氨酸脱羧酶的抑制剂(DL-α-difluoromethylarginine,DFMA),研究了干旱胁迫条件下外源NO和Put对‘红颜’草莓(干旱敏感型)幼苗抗旱性的影响。结果表明,渗透胁迫降低了草莓叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))和PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m)),提高了根、叶片的丙二醛(MDA)水平;胁迫5 d,外源NO和Put喷施处理的草莓叶片中H_(2)O_(2)含量比单独胁迫处理分别下降了25.57%和16.62%,根系中H_(2)O_(2)分别降低了35.38%和40.09%;外源Put处理显著增加了叶片与根系中的脯氨酸(Pro)含量和CAT活性,外源NO处理则显著提升了SOD、POD和CAT的活性;此外,外源NO和Put还显著提高了NOS和二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性,降低了多胺氧化酶(PAO)活性,促进了NO、亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)的积累,调控了叶片G_(s),增强叶片P_(n)及PSⅡ功能。表明外源NO与Put可通过增加植株内源激素、信号分子和渗透调节物质水平及抗氧化酶活性,来提高草莓幼苗的抗旱性。The present study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous nitric oxide(NO)and putrescine(Put)on enhancing drought resistance of strawberry seedlings‘.Benihoppe’strawberry was used as experimental material,and 10%PEG-6000 was used to simulate drought stress.The pharmacological experiments were performed by foliar application of distilled water(H_(2)O),Put,sodium nitroprusside(SNP)as a NO donor,DL-α-difluoromethylarginine(DFMA)as an inhibitor of arginine decarboxylase synthesis pathway of Put,and NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester(L-NAME)as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase(NOS).The results showed that the drought stress significantly decreased the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),and maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(F_(v)/F_(m))in strawberry leaves,but led to a dramatic increase in malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in both roots and leaves of strawberry plants.Compared with drought stress alone,the hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))levels decreased by 25.57%and 16.62%in leaves,and by 35.38%and 40.09%in roots on the fifth day of treatment for Put and NO,respectively.Exogenous Put treatment induced a significant increase in proline(Pro)content and catalase(CAT)activity,however,exogenous NO treatment significantly boosted the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and CAT in leaves and roots.Additionally,both Put and NO treatments can markedly increase the activities of NOS and diamine oxidase(DAO),reduce polyamine oxidase(PAO)activity.As a result of increased NOS and reduced PAO activities,the application of both Put and NO on the leaves promoted the accumulation of NO,spermidine(Spd),and spermine(Spm),enhanced the levels of endogenous hormones,osmoregulation substances,and signaling molecules,as well as antioxidant enzyme activities in strawberry plants,thereby improving the drought resistance of strawberry seedlings.

关 键 词：草莓 一氧化氮 腐胺 渗透胁迫 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S668[农业科学—果树学]