明渠水流挟沙力与紊动特性相互关系的简化分析  

Simplified analysis of relationship between sediment transport capacity and turbulence characteristics in open channel flows

作　　者：程年生 卢叶盛 李奇骏 CHENG Nian-sheng;LU Ye-sheng;LI Qi-jun(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2024年第4期1-5,共5页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979242)。

摘　　要：过去有关明渠水流挟沙力的研究均采用了维利坎诺夫或张瑞瑾的能量平衡观点,通常将挟沙力S_(v*)表达为无量纲参数U^(3)/(ghω)的线性或幂函数。目前对挟沙水流能量变化机理的认识仍然有限,基于能量平衡的挟沙力分析方法还有待完善。通过考虑明渠水流的紊动特性,提出了一种挟沙力分析的简化方法。所获得的公式结构与前人的结果基本一致,即S_(v*)与U^(3)/(ghω)和f^(1.5)呈线性关系,其中f为阻力系数。通过引入表征水流紊动的特征参数,该方法可推广应用于高含沙水流和非均匀流等复杂情况。Previous studies of sediment transport capacity are largely based on the concept of energy balance developed by M.A.Velikanov and R.J.Zhang.The sediment transport capacity S_(v*)is usually expressed as a linear or power-law function of the dimensionless parameter U^(3)/(ghω),where U is the depth averaged flow velocity,h is the flow depth andωis the settling velocity.The mechanism of energy variation in the sediment-laden flow is intricate,the analysis method based on the concept of energy balance still needs to be improved.By considering turbulent characteristics of open channel flows,a simplified analysis of sediment transport capacity is proposed.The deduced formula generally agrees with the previous studies,showing that S_(v*)is linearly related to U_(3)/(ghω)and f^(1.5),where f is the friction factor.The proposed method may further apply to complex situations such as hyper-concentrated flows and non-uniform open channel flows.

关 键 词：水流挟沙力 紊动强度 明渠水流 

分 类 号：TV142.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]