陕北黄土区深剖面不同土地利用方式下土壤水分和温度的分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of soil moisture and temperature under different land use types in the deep profile of loess area in northern Shaanxi,China

作　　者：李明辉 李秧秧[1,3] 樊军[1,3] LI Minghui;LI Yangyang;FAN Jun(State Key Labora-tory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第9期2552-2560,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41977016)资助。

摘　　要：研究不同土地利用方式对深剖面土壤水分和温度时空动态的影响,揭示不同植被覆盖对区域水热资源的调控效应,可为优化土地管理和植被恢复提供理论依据。本研究以黄土高原北部六道沟流域不同土地利用方式为研究对象,于2022年对0~1000 cm土层土壤含水量和温度进行动态监测,分析4种土地利用方式下(林地、草地、农地和荒草地)土壤水分和温度的时间变化规律和垂直剖面分布特征。结果表明:研究区不同土地利用方式之间的土壤水分和温度分布特征差异显著。2022年生长季(4—10月),4种土地利用方式0~1000 cm土层土壤总储水量由高到低依次为:大豆农地(1393 mm)、荒草地(1374 mm)、柠条林地(1218 mm)和苜蓿草地(557 mm)。柠条林地和大豆农地在0~300 cm、荒草地在0~500 cm、苜蓿草地在0~200 cm土壤水分变化较大,深层土壤水分均变化较小。土地利用方式对土壤温度的影响主要表现在0~200cm土层,最深可达300 cm。2022年4种土地利用方式的降水入渗补充深度在200 cm之内。柠条林地和苜蓿草地的土壤水分消耗深度均为200 cm,大豆农地和荒草地的土壤水分消耗深度为100 cm。植被变化显著影响了土壤深剖面水热过程。Understanding the effects of different land use modes on the spatial and temporal variations of soil mois-ture and temperature in the deep profile and revealing the regulatory effects of various vegetation covers on regional water and heat resources can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of land management and vegetation res-toration.Taking the advantage of different land use patterns in the Liudaogou watershed in the northern part of Loess Plateau,we monitored soil moisture content as well as temperature in the 0-1000 cm soil layer in 2022 to analyze the temporal variation and vertical profile distribution characteristics of soil moisture and temperature under four land use modes(woodland,grassland,farmland,and wild grassland).The results showed that soil moisture and temperature distributions varied significantly across different land use types.In the growing season(April-Octo-ber),total soil water storage in the 0-1000 cm soil layer of the four land use types,in a descending order,was as follows:soybean farmland(1393 mm),wild grassland(1374 mm),Caragana korshinkii forest(1218 mm),and alfalfa grassland(557 mm).Soil moisture of C.korshinkii forest and soybean farmland changed obviously in the 0-300 cm soil layer,and that of wild grassland and alfalfa grassland was in 0-500 and 0-200 cm soil layers,respectively,while soil moisture of deep soil layers fluctuated little.The impact of land use modes on soil tempera-ture was primarily manifested in the 0-200 cm soil layer,and the depth was up to 300 cm.The depth of precipitati-on infiltration replenishment of the four land use modes was approximately 200 cm.The depth of soil moisture depletion was 200 cm in both C.korshinkii forest and alfalfa grassland,and was 100 cm in soybean farmland and wild grassland.Soil hydrothermal processes in the deep profile varied across vegetation types.

关 键 词：深剖面 土地利用方式 土壤水分 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S152.8[农业科学—农业基础科学]