玉米芯基氮掺杂多孔炭的制备及其电化学性能研究  

Preparation and electrochemical performance study of corncob-based nitrogen-doped porous carbon

作　　者：仇乐乐 张燕[1] 徐鸣 于海燕 肖剑[1] 尉圣儒 颜禀吉 赵云鹏[1,2] QIU Le-le;ZHANG Yan;XU Ming;YU Hai-yan;XIAO Jian;YU Sheng-ru;YAN Bing-ji;ZHAO Yun-peng(Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Refined Utilization of Carbon Resources,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学江苏省碳资源精细化利用工程研究中心,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭加工与高效洁净利用教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《现代化工》2024年第10期167-173,共7页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022QN1067)。

摘　　要：以农业废弃物玉米芯为炭前驱体、氢氧化钾为活化剂,通过氮掺杂结合预炭化和化学活化法制备了氮掺杂分级多孔炭。结果表明,三聚氰胺与预炭化生物炭的质量比为1∶1、活化温度为800℃时制备的多孔炭材料具有最大的比表面积(3639 m^(2)/g)和孔容(1.96 cm^(3)/g)。与其他氮源相比,三聚氰胺有利于炭材料中氮原子的均匀掺杂和分级孔结构的形成。该电极材料在三电极体系中0.5 A/g时获得了342 F/g的高比电容,在10 A/g下比电容仍达到303 F/g。两电极体系中,该材料在500 W/kg时能量密度为32.3 Wh/kg;该器件在10 A/g下进行10000次充放电后电容保持率为82.2%。Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon materials are prepared through nitrogen-doping,pre-carbonization and chemical activation methods using corncob,a kind of widely sourced agricultural waste,as carbon precursor,and potassium hydroxide as activator.In addition,a nitrogen doping strategy is adopted by using melamine as main nitrogen source.Results show that the prepared porous carbon material has the highest specific surface area of 3639 m^(2)·g^(-1)and pore volume of 1.96 cm^(3)·g^(-1)when the activation temperature is 800oC and the mass ratio between melamine and pre-carbonized biochar is 1∶1.Compared with other nitrogen sources,melamine is beneficial for the uniform doping of nitrogen atoms in carbon materials and the formation of hierarchical porous structure in carbon materials.As an electrode material,this porous carbon material obtains a high specific capacitance of 342 F·g^(-1)at 0.5 A·g^(-1)in a three electrode system,and its specific capacitance still reaches 303 F·g^(-1)at 10 A·g^(-1).In a two-electrode system,the energy density of the prepared porous carbon material reaches 32.3 Wh·kg^(-1)at 500 W·kg^(-1).After having experienced 10000 charge and discharge cycles at 10 A·g^(-1),the device made from the carbon material has a capacitance retention rate of 82.2%.

关 键 词：多孔炭材料 氮掺杂 生物质 结构调控 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]