北海铁山港海域大型底栖动物群落结构研究  

Community structure of macrobenthos in Tieshangang seawaters of Beihai city

作　　者：黄丽婷 赖俊翔[2,3] 张荣灿 蒙贝君[1] 许铭本 HUANG Liting;LAI Junxiang;ZHANG Rongchan;MENG Beijun;XU Mingben(Guangxi Academy of Sciences High Technology Group Co.Ltd,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute,Fangchenggang,Guangxi 538000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院高技术集团有限公司,南宁530007 [2]广西科学院广西海洋科学院,广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室,南宁530007 [3]北部湾海洋产业研究院,广西防城港538000

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2024年第5期586-598,共13页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(桂科ZY21195027)。

摘　　要：2021年3月(春季)和2021年9月(秋季)在北海铁山港海域开展大型底栖动物调查,共采集了24个站的样品,进行了种类鉴定、密度、生物量、Bray-curtis相似性系数和沉积物质量分析。绘制了大型底栖动物丰度/生物量曲线(ABC曲线),分析大型底栖动物受干扰情况。结果表明,调查海域共采集到大型底栖动物42种,其中环节动物19种,节肢动物11种,软体动物6种,棘皮动物和脊索动物各2种,纽形动物和刺胞动物各1种。平均密度为141 ind·m^(-2),平均生物量为96.95 g·m^(-2)。春季大型底栖动物优势种为菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和豆形短眼蟹(Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides);秋季大型底栖动物优势种为厦门文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri)。春季和秋季香农-维纳指数H'平均值分别1.73为和1.25。沉积物各评价因子标准指数均小于1。ABC曲线结果显示,春季大型底栖动物除了F06号站受到中度干扰外,其他站位未受到干扰;秋季所有站位都未受到干扰。总体来看,调查海域大型底栖动物群落稳定性较好。群落结构聚类分析和MDS分析表明,春、秋航次各站位的群落相似度较低。In March 2021 and September 2021,a survey of macrobenthos was carried out in Tieshangang seawaters of Beihai city.Samples from 24 stations were collected in the seawaters,and used for species identification,and the density,biomass and Bray-curtis similarity coefficient of macrobenthos species and sediment quality were analyzed.The abundance/biomass curve(ABC curve)of macrobenthos were plotted and the disturbance of macrobenthos was analyzed.The results showed that a total of 42 species of macrobenthos were collected,including 19 of annelidas,11 of arthropods,6 of mollusks,2 of echinoderms and chordates,and 1 of neoglyphs and cnidarians each.The average density and average biomass of macrobenthic animals were 141 ind·m^(-2) and 96.95 g·m^(-2).The dominant species were Ruditapes philippinarum and Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides in spring and Branchiostoma belcheri in autumn.The average value of Shannon-Wiener index(H')was 1.73 in spring and 1.25 in autumn.The standard index of each evaluation factor of sediment was less than 1.The ABC analysis showed that all the stations were not disturbed except for F06 station,which was moderately disturbed in spring.All stations were undisturbed in autumn.In general,the macrobenthos community in the survey seawaters was stable.The cluster analysis and MDS analysis showed that the community similarity of each station was low in spring and in autumn.

关 键 词：铁山港海域 大型底栖动物 ABC曲线 生物多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]