图书馆受控数字借阅的合理使用:美国相关判例的分析与启示  

Fair Use in Controlled Digital Lending by Libraries:Analysis of the Relevant U.S.Cases and Its Implications

作　　者：汪全莉[1] 刘妍 高凯[1] Wang Quanli;Liu Yan;Gao Kai(Xiangtan University School of Public Administration of China,Xiangtan 411105)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学公共管理学院,湘潭411105

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2024年第17期16-27,共12页Library and Information Service

基　　金：2022年湖南省学位与研究生教育教改研究项目“高质量发展视域下硕士研究生学术阅读行为调查及引导路径研究”(项目编号:2022JGYB085)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]通过研究美国作家协会诉HathiTrust案以及剑桥大学出版社诉阿尔伯特案等典型案例,探讨美国判例在确定图书馆受控数字借阅的合理使用中的启示。[方法/过程]采用案例分析法,深入剖析美国法院在审理涉及图书馆受控数字借阅案件时的主要考量因素,包括使用目的和性质、作品的性质、所用部分的数量和实质性以及市场影响等。同时,对比不同案例中法院对于合理使用原则的解读和适用,以期揭示其中的规律和趋势。[结果/结论]研究发现,美国法院在判断图书馆受控数字借阅是否构成合理使用时,综合考虑了多种因素,并倾向于在保护版权的同时,满足公众合理的信息获取需求。这些判例不仅对美国图书馆开展受控数字借阅具有重要指导意义,也为图书馆受控数字借阅中的版权问题提供了实质性的指导。[Purpose/Significance]Through an analysis of typical cases such as the American Authors Guild v.Hathi Trust case and Cambridge University Press v.Albert case,this paper explores the implications of American jurisprudence in determining the fair use in controlled digital lending in libraries.[Method/Process]Utilizing a case study approach,this research delves into the primary considerations of American courts in adjudicating cases involving CDL in libraries.These considerations include the purpose and nature of use,the nature of the work,the quantity and substantiality of the portion used,as well as market effects.Furthermore,by comparing how the courts interpret and apply the fair use principle in different cases,we aim to uncover patterns and trends.[Result/Conclusion]The study finds that American courts tend to consider multiple factors when determining whether CDL in libraries constitutes fair use.While upholding copyright protection,the courts also strive to satisfy the public’s legitimate need for information access.These precedents not only provide significant guidance for libraries in the United States to conduct CDL,but also offer valuable references for libraries in China when dealing with similar issues.

关 键 词：美国图书馆 受控数字借阅 合理使用 判例法 

分 类 号：E870.10[军事—军事情报学]