沙漠微生物源活性天然产物研究进展  

Advances in bioactive natural products from desert microorganisms

作　　者：牛小敏 吴玉洁 于雪 章高森 张威 NIU Xiaomin;WU Yujie;YU Xue;ZHANG Gaosen;ZHANG Wei(Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Laboratory of Soil and Water Resources in Cold and Arid Zones,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院、甘肃省极端环境微生物重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院寒旱区水土资源研究室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2024年第9期3303-3316,共14页Microbiology China

基　　金：中国科学院“西部之光”计划(xbzg-zdsys-202105);国家自然科学基金(U22A20451);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk1200);甘肃省科技计划(23JRRA582)。

摘　　要：微生物来源的活性天然产物由于其多种多样的生物活性已被广泛应用于农业、医疗保健等多个领域,是天然药物前体的主要来源。21世纪以来,新活性天然产物的挖掘速度急剧放缓,而对于活性天然产物的需求却在不断增多,因此迫切需要开发出新型的活性天然产物。沙漠是地球上最大的陆地生态系统,并且由于其昼夜温差大、低水活性、养分匮乏、高强的紫外线辐射等非生物因子胁迫条件下,生存其中的微生物由于其特殊的生态适应性可能进化出特殊的生理生化途径,产生结构新颖的活性天然产物。本文主要综述了近年来沙漠微生物来源的抗菌活性、抗辐射抗氧化活性和抗肿瘤抗癌活性天然产物研究现状,为微生物活性天然产物的开发应用提供指引和参考。Natural products with biological activity derived from microbes have been widely used in agriculture,health care,and other fields due to their diverse biological activities,being the main source of natural drug precursors.The discovery of novel active natural products has slowed down sharply since the 21st century,while the demand for active natural products is increasing.Therefore,it is urgent to develop new active natural products.The desert is the largest terrestrial ecosystem on Earth,with diurnal temperature variation,low water activity,nutrient scarcity,and high intensity of ultraviolet radiation and other abiotic factors.Accordingly,the microorganisms living in such environment have evolved special physiological and biochemical pathways to adapt to the environment,producing structurally novel active natural products.This paper reviews the research progress in the natural products with antimicrobial,anti-radiation,antioxidant,anti-tumor and anti-cancer activities from desert microorganisms in recent years,aiming to provide guidance for the development and application of such natural products.

关 键 词：沙漠微生物 活性天然产物 抗菌活性 抗辐射抗氧化活性 抗肿瘤抗癌活性 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]