基于SBAS-InSAR技术的稀土矿区潜在滑坡识别  

Identification of Potential Landslides in Rare Earth Mining Areas Based on SBAS-InSAR Technology

作　　者：郭平 李恒凯[1] 贺明华 GUO Ping;LI Heng-kai;HE Ming-hua(School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第4期139-150,共12页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：江西省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(JC21123)。

摘　　要：离子吸附性稀土由于其采用溶浸的开采方式,使得矿区发生潜在滑坡的概率大大增加,对稀土矿区的潜在滑坡在早期进行识别、预测出滑坡可能发生的位置和威胁范围,以及对矿区的生态治理和矿区人民的生命财产保障具有重要意义。以岭北稀土矿区为例,基于长时间序列Sentinel-1A影像,采用SBAS-InSAR技术获得研究区内2019—2021年地表形变空间分布,结合Google earth高分影像、研究区坡度分布和植被覆盖度分布等,分析其典型矿点及其所在区域发生潜在滑坡的可能性。研究表明:岭北稀土矿区地表处于不均匀的形变状态并且出现数个不同规模的形变区域,地表形变速率范围在-25.48 mm/a~16.05 mm/a,形变区域与稀土矿点具有较高的吻合性,并且在时间维度上的形变趋势基本一致。以甲子背矿点为中心的位于岭北矿区中部的区域地表整体呈现抬升趋势,位于岭北矿区东南部的以坳背塘矿点为代表的区域基本表现为沉降的状态,前者较后者的山体坡度较为平缓,中高植被覆盖度的区域面积大于后者,结合坡度以及植被覆盖度对滑坡产生的影响,判断后者比前者存在潜在滑坡的可能性要大。基于SBAS-InSAR技术对赣南稀土矿区进行潜在滑坡的识别是可行的,对当地的灾害预警研究以及矿区复垦工作具有一定的指导作用。Ion-adsorbed type rare earth mining have greatly increased the probability of potential landslides in mining areas due to the use of leaching mining methods.It is of great significance to identify potential landslide in rare earth mining area and predict the possible location and threat range of landslide in the early stage,which is of great significance for the ecological management and the protection of people's lives and property.Taking the Lingbei rare earth mining area as an example,based on long-term Sentinel-1A images,the SBAS-InSAR technology is used to obtain the spatial distribution of surface deformation in the study area from 2019 to 2021,combined with Google Earth high-resolution images to study the slope distribution and vegetation coverage and distribution in the study area,the possibility of potential landslides in typical mine sites and the relevent areas are analyzed.The results show that the surface of the Lingbei rare earth mining area is in a state of uneven deformation and there are several deformation areas of different scales.The surface deformation rate ranges from-25.48 mm/a to 16.05 mm/a.The deformation area is highly consistent with the lacations of rare earth mines,and both have basically same trends of deformation in the time dimension.The surface in the middle of the Lingbei mining area centered on the Jiazibei mining area shows an overall upward trend.The area represented by the Aobeitang mining area in the southeast of the Lingbei mining area is basically shows a state of subsidence.The overall slope of the mountain in the former area is relatively gentle,and the area of medium and high vegetation coverage is larger than the latter.Combining the influence of slope and vegetation coverage on landslides,it is judged that the latter is more likely to have potential landslides than the former.Based on the SBAS-InSAR technology,it is feasible to identify potential landslides in the rare earth mining area in southern Jiangxi,and it has a certain guiding role for local disaster warning r

关 键 词：Sentinel-1A SBAS-InSAR 稀土矿区 地表形变 坡度 植被覆盖度 滑坡识别 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]