数字记忆术、个体化危机以及可能的出路——基于维尔诺“诸众的集体”重思斯蒂格勒个体化危机理论  

Digital Mnemonic,Individuation Crisis,and Possible Way Out——Rethinking Stigler's Theory of Crisis of Individuation Process based on the Concept of Virno's"Collective of Multitudes"

作　　者：张宸晟 Zhang Chensheng

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学学院

出　　处：《理论界》2024年第9期44-50,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：依托现代信息记录、储存和加工技术的工业化发展,以“超可复制性”为主要特征的数字记忆术,在记忆领域取得了前所未有的统治地位。贝尔纳·斯蒂格勒以对电影技术的研究作为切入点,认为数字记忆术使人的意识“犹如电影”,成为被数字—信息化记忆系统加以复制和支配的对象,迫使个体记忆服从于数字记忆,丧失了记忆的“个体掌控权”,中止了个体化的进程,并造成了“象征的贫困”。这被认为是个体化危机。保罗·维尔诺的“诸众的集体”理论,为解决个体化危机提供了可能的理论路径。他认为在集体中,个人的才艺和潜能能够得到充分的尊重和展示,是一个完成了的个体化领域。在“诸众的集体”这一理论基础下,通过对人的普遍智能的发掘,进而发挥集体的“类能力”,共同化解数字记忆术造成的个体化危机,是一种可能的出路。Relying on the industrial development of modern information recording,storage,and processing technology,digital memory technology has achieved unprecedented dominance with its main feature being"super replicability".Bernard Stigler takes the study of film technology as the starting point,and believes that digital mnemonics make people's consciousness"like film"and become the objects of reproduction and domination by the digital-information memory system.This forces individual memory to submit to digital memory,resulting in the loss the"individual control"over memory,suspending the process of individuation and causing"symbolic poverty".This is considered a crisis of individuation.Paul Virno emphasized that the collectivity does not mean the annihilation of individual abilities;on the contrary,in the collective,the talent and potential of the individual are fully respected and displayed.It is a complete field for individuality which Virno calls the"collective of multitudes".Under this theoretical framework,exploring human beings'universal intelligence and then exerting collective"class ability"can be a possible way to solve the crisis caused by digital mnemonics.

关 键 词：数字记忆术 意识 个体化 集体 诸众 

分 类 号：B1[哲学宗教—世界哲学]