2016-2023年广州市肺结核登记情况及特征分析  

Analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis registration and its characteristics in Guangzhou City from 2016 to 2023

作　　者：蔡晓婷[1] 杜雨华[2] 吴桂锋[1] 何立乾[1] 苏碧慧 龚芳[3] 王挺 赖铿 伍小英[1] Cai Xiaoting;Du Yuhua;Wu Guifeng;He Liqian;Su Bihui;Gong Fang;Wang Ting;Lai Keng;Wu Xiaoying(Department of Governance,the Second Division of Institute,Guangzhou Chest Hospital(Guangzhou Tuberculosis Control Institute),Guangzhou 510095,China;Department of Tuberculosis Control and Management,Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510000,China;Department of Governance,the First Division of Institute,Guangzhou Chest Hospital(Guangzhou Tuberculosis Control Institute),Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市胸科医院(广州市结核病防治所)二分所管治科,广州510095 [2]广州市胸科医院结核病控制与管理科,广州510000 [3]广州市胸科医院(广州市结核病防治所)一分所管治科,广州510000

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2024年第5期430-436,共7页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2024A03J0588);广州市卫生健康科技项目(20241A010034)。

摘　　要：目的:分析2016—2023年广州市肺结核的登记情况及特征,对广州市肺结核防控成效进行评估,为制定结核病防控策略提供科学依据。方法:通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“结核病信息管理系统”,导出2016年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间按广州市现住址登记的所有临床诊断和实验室诊断的肺结核及结核性胸膜炎患者的数据,数据资料包括患者年龄、性别、职业、现住址、诊断结果、疾病类型等信息,采用描述性统计方法及卡方检验进行分析。结果:2016—2023年广州市共累计登记肺结核患者66716例,年平均登记率从2016年的59.12/10万(9922/16783800)降至2023年的35.92/10万(6763/18827000),呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=1999.652,P=0.000);登记肺结核患者中,男性44892例,女性21824例,男女比例为2.1∶1;年龄主要分布在21~30岁(24.18%,16130/66716);各月份均有病例登记,其中以4月份累计登记患者数最多(6234例);年平均登记率最高地区为越秀区(66.73/10万,5477/8207400),最低为番禺区(39.07/10万,8154/20872100);病原学阳性比例最高为番禺区(58.20%,4746/8154),最低为天河区(49.79%,4029/8092);职业分布以家务及待业比例最高(43.18%,28808/66716)。结论:2016—2023年广州市肺结核登记率呈下降趋势,春夏季为高发季节,男性、21~30岁年龄组、越秀区、家务及待业人群是结核病防治的重点人群。Objective:To analyze the registration and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guangzhou City from 2016 to 2023 and evaluate the effectiveness of tuberculosis control in Guangzhou,providing scientific basis for formulating tuberculosis control strategies.Methods:Using the“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”subsystem“Tuberculosis Information Management System”,we extracted data on all clinically and laboratory-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy patients registered by their current residence in Guangzhou from January 1,2016,to December 31,2023,including information such as age,gender,occupation,current residence,diagnosis results,and disease type.We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and chi-square test.Results:A total of 66716 tuberculosis cases were registered in Guangzhou from 2016 to 2023,and the annual average registration rate decreased from 59.12/100000(9922/16783800)in 2016 to 35.92/100000(6763/18827000)in 2023,showing a decreasing trend(χ^(2)trend=1999.652,P=0.000).There were 44892 cases of male and 21824 cases of female patients,the ratio of male to female was 2.1∶1.They were mainly 21-30 years old(24.18%,16130/66716);highest number of cases were registered in April(6234 cases)among all months.The average annual registration rate was highest in Yuexiu District(66.73/100000,5477/8207400)and lowest in Panyu District(39.07/100000,8154/20872100).The highest etiologically positive rate was in Panyu District(58.20%,4746/8154),and the lowest was in Tianhe District(49.79%,4029/8092).For patients’occupation,the proportion of doing housework or unemployed was the highest(43.18%,28808/66716).Conclusion:From 2016 to 2023,the tuberculosis registration rate in Guangzhou showed a downward trend,and the high incidence season was in spring and summer.Men,21-30 years old age group,Yuexiu District residents,household and unemployed people were the key groups for tuberculosis prevention and control.

关 键 词：结核 肺 流行病学研究特征(主题) 小地区分析 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R81[医药卫生—临床医学]