表面活性剂对含盐双流体细水雾灭火效能的影响  

Effect of surfactants on fire extinguishing efficiency of salted double fluid fine water mist

作　　者：裴蓓[1,2] 郝治斌 徐天祥 钟子琪 李瑞 贾冲 段玉龙 PEI Bei;HAO Zhibin;XU Tianxiang;ZHONG Ziqi;LI Rui;JIA Chong;DUAN Yulong(Coal Safety Production and Clean and Efficient Utilization Provincial and Ministerial Collaborative Innovation Center,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,Henan,China;School of Safety Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,Henan,China;School of Safety Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南焦作454003 [2]河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南焦作454003 [3]重庆科技大学安全工程学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《化工学报》2024年第9期3369-3378,共10页CIESC Journal

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(22HASTIT027);河南省高校基本科研业务费专项(NSFRF210344);河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102320142)。

摘　　要：为探究不同类型表面活性剂对含盐双流体细水雾灭火效能的影响,选用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB35)、烷基糖苷(APG0810),从灭火时间、冷却效果、CO浓度峰值三方面开展表面活性剂对含盐双流体细水雾灭火效能影响研究。结果显示:在空气环境下,3种表面活性剂可以有效缩短含盐类添加剂细水雾灭火时间,从而降低其灭火过程中的CO浓度峰值,但同时由于其液滴粒径减小,容易受到湍流影响,导致其冷却效果相比含单一盐类添加剂细水雾有所降低。在CO_(2)环境下,由于CO_(2)比定压热容较小,表面活性剂在对含单一盐类添加剂细水雾改性后分别存在灭火时间微幅缩短和灭火时间延长的实验现象,并且相比含单一盐类添加剂细水雾,其灭火过程中的CO浓度峰值有所增大,冷却效果也有所降低。研究结果将为防治醇基燃料火灾提供参考。In order to explore the effects of different types of surfactants on the fire extinguishing efficiency of two-fluid water mist containing salt additives,In this experiment,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS),cocamidopropyl betaine(CAB35)and alkyl glucoside(APG0810)were selected to study the effects of surfactants on the fire extinguishing efficiency of salt-containing two-fluid water mist from three aspects:fire extinguishing time,cooling effect and CO concentration peak.The results show that in the air environment,the three surfactants can effectively shorten the fire extinguishing time of water mist containing salt additives,thereby reducing the peak CO concentration in the fire extinguishing process.Among them,4%APG0810 has the best fire extinguishing effect on the modified two-fluid water mist containing 5%K_(2)CO_(3),and the fire extinguishing time is 29%shorter than that containing 5%K_(2)CO_(3) two-fluid water mist.Compared with air/water mist,the fire extinguishing time is reduced by 55%,but at the same time,due to the decrease of the particle size of the surfactant,it is easy to be affected by turbulence,resulting in the cooling effect of the water mist containing salt additives.In the CO_(2) environment,due to the small specific heat capacity of CO_(2),the surfactants have the experimental phenomenon of slightly shortening the fire extinguishing time and extending the fire extinguishing time after modifying the fine water mist containing a single salt additive.And compared with salt-containing additive water mist,the peak CO concentration in the fire extinguishing process also increased,and the cooling effect also decreased.The research results will provide reference for prevention and control of alcohol-based fuel fires.

关 键 词：双流体细水雾 二氧化碳 表面活性剂 乙醇火 安全 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]