灰铸铁水泵壳体铸件裂纹形成原因分析  

Cause Analysis of Crack Formation in Gray Cast Iron Water Pump Shell Casting

作　　者：李泽芝 倪钧 赵平 李小霞 王浩 朱香艳 LI Ze-zhi;NI Jun;ZHAO Ping;LI Xiao-xia;WANG Hao;ZHU Xiang-yan(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Qingdao University of Science&Technology,Qingdao 266042,Shandong,China;Longkou Zhongyu Thermal Management System Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 265716,Shandong,China;Longkou Zhongyu Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 265700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山东青岛266042 [2]龙口中宇热管理系统科技有限公司,山东烟台265716 [3]龙口中宇机械有限公司,山东烟台265700

出　　处：《铸造》2024年第9期1254-1261,共8页Foundry

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020ME009);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2022TSGC2246)。

摘　　要：汽车水泵壳体是汽车发动机冷却系统的组成部件之一,其质量对发动机冷却系统的正常运转有着重要的影响。某公司生产的汽车水泵壳体铸件材质为HT200,铸件在生产过程中出现开裂现象,为分析裂纹缺陷出现的原因,利用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征了铸件的显微组织,使用能谱分析仪、硬度计检测了铸件的物相成分和力学性能。结果表明:该裂纹形貌呈宽窄不一的折线状,裂纹断口氧化程度严重,判断为热裂纹;裂纹的形成原因是铸件的金相组织未满足设计要求,断口中S元素含量过多,存在氧化物夹渣以及铸造过程中出现应力集中区等几方面因素综合作用的结果。TAutomobile water pump shell is one of the components of automobile engine cooling system,and its quality has an important impact on the normal operation of engine cooling system.The casting material of the automobile water pump shell produced by a company is HT200.The cracking phenomenon occurs in the casting during the production process.In order to analyze the reasons for the crack defects,the microstructure of the casting is characterized by metallography microscope(OM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the phase composition and mechanical properties of the casting are detected by energy Spectrum analyzer(EDS)and hardness tester.The experimental results show that the crack morphology is broken line with uneven width,and the oxidation degree of the crack fracture is serious,which is judged as a hot tearing.The crack forming is a composite effect of several causes including the metallographic structure of the casting does not meet the design requirements,the excessive content of S element in the fracture,the existence of oxide inclusion and the appearance of stress concentration area in the casting process,and so on.

关 键 词：HT200 水泵壳体 铸件 裂纹 

分 类 号：TG143.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]