黄河宁夏段黄河鮈群体的遗传多样性与系统发育分析  

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of Gobio huanghensis Population in Ningxia Section of the Yellow River

作　　者：王吉祥 刘凯 王永杰 刘彦斌 刘嘉成 王彩雯 肖伟 连总强 王玉涛[1] WANG Jixiang;LIU Kai;WANG Yongjie;LIU Yanbin;LIU Jiacheng;WANG Caiwen;XIAO Wei;LIAN Zongqiang;WANG Yutao(School of Life and Geographic Sciences,Kashi University,Kashi,844000;Ningxia Fisheries Research Institute,Yinchuan,750001;Ningxia Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan,750001;Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin,150030;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070)

机构地区：[1]喀什大学生命与地理科学学院,喀什844000 [2]宁夏回族自治区水产研究所,银川750001 [3]宁夏渔业工程技术研究中心,银川750001 [4]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150030 [5]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2024年第7期1248-1259,共12页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项“黄河渔业资源与环境调查”子项目(HHDC-2023-02);黄河宁夏段公路斜拉桥绿色低碳建管养关键技术研究项目(2022BEG02056)共同资助。

摘　　要：为科学评估黄河鮈(Gobio huanghensis)种质资源状况,进一步加强其种质资源保护工作,本研究在连续3年开展黄河宁夏段资源调查的基础上,同期定点采集青铜峡坝上南长滩村、余丁乡和坝下梅家湾村、月牙湖乡、红崖子乡等5个不同地理群体样本,基于线粒体cox1基因序列及生物信息学分析探讨其遗传多样性和系统发育关系。研究结果表明,在长度为1428 bp的cox1基因序列区域共检测到162个多态位点,界定了26个单倍型;5个群体中除南长滩群体具有“低H_(d)低P_(i)”(H_(d):0.468;P_(i):0.00062)特点外,其余群体均呈现出“高H_(d)高P_(i)”(H_(d):0.721~0.840;P_(i):0.00918~0.03588)的分布特点,且青铜峡坝上与坝下群体间具有显著的遗传分化(P<0.05),尤其南长滩、余丁乡2个群体与月牙湖群体达到了种群分化水平;系统发育分析显示黄河鮈与蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi)亲缘关系最近。综上所述,结合历年资源调查结果推测,黄河鮈因青铜峡大坝形成了明显的种群地理阻隔,因此建议将黄河鮈划分为青铜峡坝上与坝下2个地理种群,在加强原地保护的基础上,通过人工繁育、增殖放流等人工干预措施,促进坝上、坝下种质资源基因交流,以有效恢复和保护黄河鮈这一珍贵种质资源。In order to scientifically assess the germplasm resource status of Gobio huanghensis and further strengthen its germplasm resource conservation,this study was conducted on the basis of three consecutive years of resource investigation in the Ningxia section of the Yellow River.At the same time,samples from five different geographic populations in Qingtongxia,including Nanchangtan Village,Yuding Township,Meijiawan Village,Yueyahu Township and Hongyazi Township,were collected at a fixed point,and the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship were investigated based on mitochondrial cox1 gene sequence and bioinformatics analysis.The results showed that 162 polymorphic loci were detected in the 1428 bp cox1 gene sequence region,and 26 haplotypes were defined.Among the five groups,the Nanchangtan Village group had"low H_(d) and low P_(i)"(H_(d):0.468;P_(i):0.00062),other groups showedhigh H_(d) and high P_(i)(H_(d):0.721~0.840;P_(i):0.00918~0.03588),and there was significant genetic differentiation between the upperand lower populations of Qingtongxia(P<0.05),especially the Nanchangtan Village and Yuding Township populations and theYueyahu populations reached the population differentiation level.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Gobio huanghensis was the closestrelative to Saurogobio dabryi.In summary,based on the results of resource surveys over the years,it is speculated that Gobio huanghensisforms obvious population geographic barrier due to Qingtongxia Dam.Therefore,it is suggested to divide Gobio huanghensis intotwo geographic populations above and below Qingtongxia Dam.On the basis of strengthening in situ protection,artificial interventionmeasures such as artificial breeding,breeding and release can be adopted to promote gene exchange of germplasm resources above andbelow the dam to effectively restore and protect the precious germplasm resources of Gobio Huanghensis.

关 键 词：黄河宁夏段 黄河鮈 cox1基因 遗传多样性 系统发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]