工业用地出让、要素流动与地区间产出不平衡:基于地区间土地竞争的视角  

Industrial Land Concessions,Factor Mobility and Inter-regional Output Imbalance:A Perspective of Inter-regional Land Competition in China

作　　者：程宇丹 龚六堂[2,3] 田文佳 CHENG Yudan;GONG Liutang;TIAN Wenjia(School of Statistics and Mathematics,Central University of Finance and Economics;Guanghua School of Management,Peking University;School of Economics,Beijing Technology and Business University)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学统计与数学学院,100081 [2]北京大学光华管理学院,100871 [3]北京工商大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济研究》2024年第7期170-187,共18页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA069);国家自然科学青年基金项目(71703185、72003216);中央财经大学学科建设经费和“双一流”建设项目的资助。

摘　　要：我国地区间经济发展差距较大,其中一个重要的原因是不同地区的土地要素配置存在很大差别,发达地区工业用地占比远高于欠发达地区。为了解释这一现象,本文从地方政府的土地出让行为入手,构建了地方政府的最优化模型,发现异质性的地方政府其最优的工业用地出让策略不同。在资本流动的情况下,当禀赋差距扩大时,发达地区会增加工业用地,而欠发达地区则会减少工业用地。这种差异提高了资本边际回报率的差距,加剧了资本流动,扩大了地区间的产出差距。地方政府的具体调控手段不影响结论,价格调控、数量调控和比例调控三种方式是等价的。中央政府限制发达地区建设用地指标的政策能够在一定程度上改善地区间产出的不平衡,而土地指标的跨地区交易机制又能够在此基础上进一步降低由此所产生的发达地区的效率损失并提高所有地区的福利。This study examines the critical role of land policy in regional economic development disparities in China,with a particular focus on local governments'industrial land concession strategies and their impact on inter-regional development disparities.By constructing an optimal choice model for local governments,this research reveals how differentiated land concession strategies adopted by local governments in regions with varying endowments exacerbate economic development disparities in the context of capital mobility.The study challenges the prevailing assumption in traditional literature that all local governments engage in excessive industrial land concessions.It introduces a heterogeneity dimension into the analytical framework,uncovering a more nuanced reality.The research finds that as resource endowment disparities widen,developed regions tend to expand the supply of industrial land,while less developed regions are inclined to reduce it.This strategic divergence not only directly affects regional output but also amplifies inter-regional disparities by widening differences in marginal returns on capital and intensifying capital flow.Methodologically,the study proposes an optimal choice model for local governments based on the research framework established by Cai&Treisman(2005).The model incorporates land as a factor in the production function and portrays inter-regional heterogeneity by considering differences in resource endowments.Local governments,in maximizing their utility,must balance the expansion of industrial land for increasing tax revenue and land concession income against maintaining their own consumption,considering the opportunity cost of industrial land concessions.The research findings remain consistent regardless of whether local governments choose to regulate land management through quantity control,price control,or proportion control.This consistency underscores the robustness of the study's conclusions across various policy scenarios.Furthermore,this study evaluates the effectiveness of t

关 键 词：工业用地 资本流动 禀赋差距 地区间差距 土地市场改革 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济] F301.2F124