寡头市场协同行为的反垄断法应对  

Anti-Monopoly Law Response to Concerted Practices in Oligopoly Markets

作　　者：郭传凯 GUO Chuankai(Law School,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《现代法学》2024年第5期115-130,共16页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“数字经济时代超级平台企业竞争合规体系的建构研究”(22CFX039)。

摘　　要：作为垄断协议的重要类型,协同行为是指无法通过直接证据对经营者之间存在明确具体的意思联络进行证明的垄断通谋,多发生于寡头市场。学界对默示通谋及协同行为的研究表明,寡头市场的协同行为可通过间接证据予以认定,垄断协议制度对规制前述行为具有可适用性。在垄断协议制度框架下,寡头市场协同行为的认定应以经营者是否从事一致行为为标准进行分类讨论。当寡头经营者从事一致行为时,立足一定程度的意思联络、寡头市场的相关条件及无法对一致行为作出合理解释等因素,法院或执法机构可认定一致行为构成协同行为;当寡头经营者未从事一致行为时,信息交换亦可构成协同行为。由于寡头经营者共同滥用市场支配地位的行为与寡头市场协同行为具备相通性,共同市场支配地位制度对回应寡头市场协同行为有补充作用。回应寡头市场协同行为,应以垄断协议制度为主、以共同市场支配地位制度为辅。As an important type of monopoly agreement,concerted practices refer to monopolistic collusion that cannot be proven by direct evidence of clear and specific intentions between operators.It often occurs between oligopolistic operators with competitive relationships.The research results on tacit collusion and concerted practices indicate that concerted practices in oligopolistic markets can be recognized through indirect evidence,and the monopoly agreement system has applicability in regulating the aforementioned behavior.Under the monopoly agreement system,the determination of concerted practices in oligopolistic markets should be classified and discussed based on whether operators engage in consistent behavior.In the case of oligopoly operators engaging in consistent behavior,combined with certain degree of intention communication,relevant conditions of the oligopoly market,and the inability to provide a reasonable explanation for consistent behavior,the court or law enforcement agency may determine that the aforementioned consistent behavior constitutes concerted practices.In the absence of consistent behavior by oligopolistic operators,information exchange can also constitute concerted practices.Due to the similarity between the collective abuse of market power by oligopolistic operators and the concerted practices of oligopolistic markets,the system of common market dominance has spillover effect on responding to the concerted practices of oligopolistic markets.The response to the concerted practices of oligopolistic markets should be mainly based on the monopoly agreement system,supplemented by the common market dominant position system.

关 键 词：寡头市场 协同行为 垄断协议制度 共同市场支配地位制度 垄断通谋 

分 类 号：DF414[政治法律—经济法学]