FLake模式摩擦速度参数化方案改进及其高原典型湖泊应用评估  

Improvement of Friction Velocity Parameterization Scheme in FLake Model and its Application in Typical Plateau Lakes

作　　者：宋兴宇 文莉娟 苏东生 杜娟 SONG Xingyu;WEN Lijuan;SU Dongsheng;DU Juan(Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory,Lanzhou 730030,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,CAS,Lanzhou 730030,China;School Atemospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Quanzhou Meteorological Observatory,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州中心气象台,兰州730030 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730030 [3]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,成都610225 [4]福建省泉州市气象台,泉州362000

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2024年第3期109-119,共11页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42275044)。

摘　　要：目前一维淡水湖模式(Freshwater Lake Model,FLake)在全球各类气候模型和再分析资料算法中被广泛应用,但其在青藏高原典型湖泊鄂陵湖的湖温模拟中效果欠佳,主要是模式内计算感热和潜热通量的摩擦速度参数导致的,而将通用陆面模式(Community Land Model version 4.5,CLM4.5)湖模块计算的摩擦速度参数值替换进FLake后,能够提升FLake模拟效果。本文根据CLM4.5湖模式的摩擦速度参数化方案,从理查森数计算公式、层结稳定性条件、摩擦速度计算公式三个方面改进FLake摩擦速度参数化方案,以鄂陵湖观测站资料作为驱动场,利用MODIS地表温度数据和站点实际观测资料评估FLake改进后的模拟效果。结果显示:改进后FLake可以更好地模拟湖泊热力状况,特别是在每年湖温达到最大值后的降温阶段,模拟的湖表温度、湖泊内部不同深度处的温度和净辐射更加接近实际观测值。相比于升温期,降温期感热和潜热通量的模拟值增大,对应温度模拟值低于改进前,并更接近实际观测温度,降温期湖温和净辐射的模拟精度有明显改善。At present,the one-dimensional Freshwater Lake Model(FLake)is widely used in various climate models and reanalysis data algorithms around the world,but it is not effective in the simulation of lake temperature of Ngoring Lake,a typical lake in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,mainly due to the friction velocity parameters in the calculation of sensible heat and latent heat flux in the model,and it has been found that after replacing the friction velocity parameter calculated by Community Land Model version 4.5(CLM4.5)into FLake,FLake simulation effect improved.Therefore,according to the friction velocity parameterization scheme of CLM4.5 lake mode,the FLake friction velocity parameterization scheme was improved from three aspects:Richardson number calculation formula,layer stability condition and friction velocity calculation formula,and then the data of Ngoring Lake observatory was used as the driving field,the MODIS sur-face temperature data and the actual observation data of the station were used to evaluate the improved simulation effect of FLake.The results show that the improved FLake could better simulate the thermal status of the lake,especially in the cooling stage after the lake temperature reached the maximum each year.The simulated lake surface temperature,lake temperature at different depths of lake and net radiation were closer to the actual observations.Compared with the heating period,the simulated values of sensible heat and latent heat flux increased in the cooling period,the corresponding temperature simulation value was lower than that before the improvement,and closer to the actual observation temperature.The simulation accuracy of lake temperature and net radiation during the cooling period was improved significantly.

关 键 词：参数化方案 摩擦速度 湖温 湖模式 鄂陵湖 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]