干旱胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌对玉米生长和抗旱性的影响  

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on maize growth and drought tolerance under drought stress

作　　者：裴琳婧 张思颖 朱叶琳 叶靓 陈家斌 刘芳 谭静 PEI Lin-jing;ZHANG Si-ying;ZHU Ye-lin;YE Liang;CHEN Jia-bin;LIU Fang;TAN Jing(School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学农学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第8期1731-1742,共12页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南大学研究生实践创新项目(ZC-22222765、ZC-23235642)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究干旱胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)对玉米生长与抗旱性的影响及作用机理。【方法】以云南广泛种植的玉米杂交种为材料,通过盆栽试验在不同水分胁迫下设置接种AMF和不接种对照处理,对不同处理的土壤理化性质、菌根侵染率、植株表型及其根际微生物进行比较分析。【结果】AMF能很好地侵染玉米根系并形成共生,但侵染率随干旱程度的增加呈下降趋势;接种AMF可提高玉米根际土壤pH,使土壤酸度降低;AMF可促进玉米植株生长,但不影响植株的生长周期;与未接种对照相比,接种AMF的玉米叶片相对含水量提升,渗透调节物质有不同程度的降低,中度干旱下抗氧化酶活性显著增加,可缓解干旱对植株的伤害。接种AMF使根际土壤细菌OTU数量发生变化,显著富集的OTU数目随干旱程度的增加而增多;干旱胁迫下接种AMF可提高玉米根际土壤细菌群落多样性,改变根际细菌群落结构,丰富根际土壤细菌群落的代谢功能。玉米根际土壤细菌群落丰度与菌根侵染率、土壤pH、植株株高和干重存在显著相关性;菌根侵染率与土壤pH、植株生长指标、叶绿素含量、叶片相对含水量、抗氧化酶活性等存在不同程度的正相关,与可溶性糖、丙二醛、脯氨酸含量存在负相关;根际土壤优势菌门中,蓝藻菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和疣微菌门分别与植株部分生长和抗旱指标存在一定程度的相关性。【结论】接种AMF能降低土壤酸度、促进玉米生长和增强其抗旱性,提高玉米根际土壤细菌群落的多样性、改变根际细菌群落结构和功能,为进一步利用AMF提高玉米应对干旱胁迫提供参考。【Objective】The present study aimed to understand the effects and mechanism of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF)on maize growth and drought tolerance under drought stress.【Method】A maize hybrid widely planted in Yunnan province was used as materials,which was planted in pots and treated with AMF inoculation and non-inoculation controls,respectively,under different water stress conditions,then the soil physicochemical properties,mycorrhizal colonization rate,plant phenotype,and rhizosphere soil bacterial community of different treatments were collected and analyzed.【Result】AMF could infect maize roots well and form symbionts,but the mycorrhizal colonization rate decreased with the increase of drought severity;Inoculating AMF could increase the pH value of maize rhizosphere soil,and thus reduce soil acidity.Inoculating AMF could promote the growth of maize plants,but didn’t affect the growth cycle of plants;Compared with non-inoculation control,the relative water content of maize leaf increased,the osmotic regulating substances reduced to varying degrees,and the activity of antioxidant enzyme under moderate drought increased significantly for AMF inoculation,so the damage of drought to plants was alleviated.AMF inoculation resulted in a change in the number of bacteria OTUs in the rhizosphere soil,and the number of significantly enriched OTUs increased with the increase of drought severity.AMF inoculation under drought stress could increase the diversity of bacterial communities,alterthe the structure of bacterial communities,and enrich the metabolic function of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities.There were significant correlation between the abundance of bacterial community in maize rhizosphere soil and mycorrhizal colonization rate,soil pH,plant height and dry weight.The mycorrhizal colonization rate were positively correlated with soil pH,plant growth indicators,chlorophyll content,relative water content of leaves,antioxidant enzyme activity,while negatively correlated with soluble sugar content

关 键 词：玉米 丛枝菌根真菌 水分胁迫 抗旱性 根际微生物 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]