基于Richards方程的薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆性能和品质的差异及其相关性研究  

Differences and correlation of grain filling performance and quality in different parts of adlay based on Richards equation

作　　者：曾涛 陆秀娟 潘虹 李祥栋 魏心元 石明 宋碧[3] ZENG Tao;LU Xiu-juan;PAN Hong;LI Xiang-dong;WEI Xin-yuan;SHI Ming;SONG Bi(Qianxinan Research Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Xingyi,Guizhou 562400,China;Adlay of Engineering Technical Research Centre in Guizhou,Xingyi,Guizhou 562400,China;Agricultural College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]黔西南州农业林业科学研究院,贵州兴义562400 [2]贵州省薏苡工程技术研究中心,贵州兴义562400 [3]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第8期1743-1751,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省级财政种业发展项目(黔财农[2023]2号);黔西南州科技计划项目(2021-1-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆结实性能、品质性状差异及其相关性,为薏苡强弱势籽粒产量性能优化与选育优质高产栽培品种提供参考依据。【方法】采用单因素随机区组设计结合Richards方程研究不同薏苡[贵薏1号(GY.1)和师宗黑壳(SZHK)]各部位(上部、中部、下1、下2和下3)籽粒干重、灌浆速率、籽粒充实度和淀粉含量等相关性状指标的差异,灌浆结实特性与灌浆参数及品质性状指标的相关性。【结果】籽粒灌浆方程W=78.76/(1+379259e^(0.27t))^(1/7.91),籽粒最大灌浆速率为1.82 mg/d,平均1.12 mg/d,生长活跃期73.61 d,平均结实率74.55%,平均充实度76.84%,籽粒百粒重和单茎总粒重分别为7.70和13.49 g。籽粒干重随花后天数逐步增加,在第49天时达最大;灌浆速率与花后天数呈先增后降趋势,花后第31天时达最大。籽粒平均灌浆速率,薏苡下1(1.26 mg/d)显著高于其他部位,比最低的下3(1.04 mg/d)高21.10%;最大灌浆速率同样表现为下1(2.03 mg/d)最大,比下3(1.71 mg/d)高18.70%;籽粒百粒重及充实度整体表现为下1>上部>中部>下2>下3,其中,下1(8.37 g)显著高于其他部位,分别比下2(7.41 g)、下3(7.29 g)高12.95%和14.81%;籽粒充实度下1(80.23%)比下3(72.42%)高10.78%;薏苡下1籽粒淀粉含量(38.10%)分别比下2(33.83%)、下3(33.11%)高12.62%和15.07%。相关分析表明,籽粒百粒重与籽粒平均灌浆速率(0.78)、最大灌浆速率(0.89)、淀粉含量(0.95)、淀粉积累速率(0.88)和充实度(0.87)呈极显著正相关,与可溶性糖含量(-0.93)呈极显著负相关。【结论】下1籽粒在粒重、充实度及淀粉含量上均优于其他部位,初步判明下1为薏苡强势籽粒,下2和下3为弱势籽粒。【Objective】The differences in grain filling and fruiting performance,quality traits and their correlation in different parts of adlay were explored,which provided reference for optimizing the yield performance of strong and weak adlay and breeding high⁃quality and high⁃yield cultivation varieties.【Method】Using the single factor random block design and Richards equation,the study investigated the differences in correlation indicators such as grain dry weight,filling rate,grain plumpness and starch content in different parts(upper,middle,lower 1,lower 2,and lower 3)of different adlay varieties[Guiyi No.1(GY.1)and Shizongheike(SZHK)],as well as the correlation between filling and fruiting characteristics and filling parameters and quality traits.【Result】The grain filling equation was W=78.76/(1+379259e^(0.27t))^(1/7.91),the maximum grain filling rate was 1.82 mg/d,with an average of 1.12 mg/d.The active growth period was 73.61 days,with an average seed setting rate of 74.55%and an average filling degree of 76.84%.The 100⁃grain weight and the total grain weight per stem were 7.70 and 13.49 g,respectively.The dry weight of grains gradually increased with the number of days after flowering,reaching its maximum value on the 49th day.The filling rate showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the number of days after flowering,reaching its maximum value on the 31st day after flowering.As for the average grain filling rate,Lower 1(1.26 mg/d)was significantly higher than other parts,and 21.10%higher than the Lower 3(1.04 mg/d);The maximum grouting rate was also shown to be the highest in Lower 1(2.03 mg/d),which was 18.70%higher than Lower 3(1.71 mg/d);The overall performance of 100⁃grain weight and fullness in each part was as follows:Lower 1>upper>middle>Lower 2>Lower 3.Among the 100 grains weight,Lower 1(8.37g)was significantly higher than other parts,with 12.95%and 14.81%higher than Lower 2(7.41 g)and Lower 3(7.29 g),respectively.In terms of grain plumpness,Lower 1(80.23%)was 10.78%

关 键 词：薏苡 RICHARDS方程 籽粒灌浆 充实度 品质 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]