重新平衡的使命:美国社区学院学士学位项目的发展与反思  

Mission of Rebalance: The Development of Bachelor's Degree Programs in Community Colleges in the United States and the Reflection

作　　者：程伟超 邵泽斌[1] Cheng Weichao;Shao Zebin

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《江苏高教》2024年第10期34-43,共10页Jiangsu Higher Education

摘　　要：大众化、民主化的使命观是美国社区学院建设的重要支柱。随着全球化时代的到来,面对日益增强的外在冲击因素,以及学院内在发展的能动诉求,社区学院学士学位项目应运而生。然而,这一异质性项目的引进给社区学院传统使命带来了巨大的挑战,人们担心此举将引发社区学院身份模糊和使命漂移的风险。面对挑战,美国各州政府通过立法明确定位、设置准入标准、构建衔接机制、建立监管制度等多重政策规制途径,规范了社区学院学士学位项目的发展路径,在维护传统使命的同时注入了时代新内涵,构筑了传统使命与学位项目相互融合、循环提升的发展趋势。美国社区学院的经验,为我国职业本科教育的制度设计和特色发展提供了有益参考。The mission of popularization and democratization is an important pillar for community college construction in the United States. With the advent of globalization, facing increasing external shocks and dynamic demands of internal development of colleges, community college bachelor's degree programs have emerged. However, introducing this heterogeneous project poses a huge challenge to the traditional mission of community colleges, and there are concerns that this will lead to the risk of blurred identity and mission drift of community colleges. Faced with these challenges, the governments of various states in the United States have standardized the development path of community college bachelor's degree programs through multiple policy regulatory channels such as clear positioning, setting admission standards, constructing linkage mechanisms, and establishing regulatory systems. While maintaining traditional missions, they have injected new connotations of the times and constructed a development trend of mutual integration and circular improvement between traditional missions and degree programs. The experience of community colleges in the United States provides useful references for the institutional design and characteristic development of vocational undergraduate education in China.

关 键 词：美国社区学院 学士学位项目 职业本科教育 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]