走马塘江边枢纽鱼道监测与过鱼效率初探  

Preliminary Study on Monitoring and Fish Passing Efficiency at the Zoumatang River Hub Fishway

作　　者：庄犁 詹龙飞 陈圣 张圆圆 曹培培 ZHUANG Li;ZHAN Longfei;CHEN Sheng;ZHANG Yuanyuan;CAO Peipei(Nanjing Puhou Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京朴厚生态科技有限公司,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2024年第5期63-69,共7页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301000)。

摘　　要：鱼道是保障鱼类洄游通道,保护生物多样性的重要设施。利用视频识别与水下声学监测技术,对走马塘江边枢纽鱼道的过鱼效果进行了连续监测。结果表明,走马塘鱼道的综合过鱼效率约为206尾/h,共观测到6种鱼类,包括■(Hemiculter leucisculus)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)和鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)。在2022年5-8月,走马塘鱼道过鱼效率不断升高;鱼道过鱼行为大部分发生在日间,特别是11:00-14:00为鱼类通过的高峰时段。走马塘鱼道狭缝流速显著影响鱼道过鱼效率,在流速接近0 m/s,-0.75~-0.5 m/s和0.5~0.75 m/s时,鱼道的过鱼效率较高,说明适度的流速能有效促进鱼类通过鱼道。Fishways serve as critical infrastructure facilitating fish migration and preserving biodiversity.This research employed video recognition and underwater acoustic monitoring technologies to continuously track the fish passage efficiency of the Zoumatang Fishway.The overall fish passage efficiency of the Zoumatang fishway is approximately 206 fish per hour,with observations of six species:Hemiculter leucisculus,Carassius auratus,Parabramis pekinensis,Cyprinus carpio,Ctenopharyngodon idella,and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix.From May to August,the fish passage efficiency through the Zoumatang fishway consistently rises;The majority of fish passage behavior occurs during daytime,with a peak between 11:00 and 14:00 The flow velocity within the narrow slit of the Zoumatang fishway significantly impacts the fish passage efficiency.Efficient fish passage is observed at flow velocities close to 0 m/s,-0.75~-0.5 m/s,and 0.5~0.75 m/s,indicating that moderate flow velocities effectively facilitate fish passage through the fishway.

关 键 词：鱼道 过鱼效率 流速 视频 水下声学 走马塘江边枢纽 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学] X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]