江苏南通近岸海域伪虎鲸的出现与观测  

The Appearance and Observation of Pseudorca Crassidens in the Nearshore Waters of Nantong,Jiangsu

作　　者：信誉 张再峰 刘华军 唐勇 陈功 胡晓峰 汤春艳 於香湘 张杰 缪军 XIN Yu;ZHANG Zaifeng;LIU Huajun;TANG Yong;CHEN Gong;HU Xiaofeng;TANG Chunyan;YU Xiangxiang;ZHANG Jie;MIAO Jun(Nantong Environmental Monitoring Centre of Jiangsu Province,Nantong,Jiangsu 226006,China;Nantong Haimen Ecological Environment Bureau,Haimen,Jiangsu 226100,China;Nantong Ecological Environment Bureau,Nantong,Jiangsu 226006,China;Nantong Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Nantong,Jiangsu 226006,China;Nantong Haimen Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Haimen,Jiangsu 226100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通环境监测中心,江苏南通226006 [2]南通市海门生态环境局,江苏海门226100 [3]南通市生态环境局,江苏南通226006 [4]南通市农业农村局,江苏南通226006 [5]南通市海门农业农村局,江苏海门226100

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2024年第5期90-93,共4页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：江苏省环境监测基金资助项目(2218,2312,24A11);南通市市级科技计划指令性项目(JC2020164);南通市长江水生态环境保护研究(2022-LHYJ-02-0502-03)。

摘　　要：于2022和2023年6月份,在江苏南通海门东灶港码头附近均发现约60头伪虎鲸(Pseudorca crassidens)活动,现场发现至少8对母子鲸,伪虎鲸在此活动时间约4个月,此地是中国近岸海域少有的大型鲸豚类重要栖息地,具有非常重要的保护价值。现通过连续2年(2022—2023年)的监测记录,初步发现伪虎鲸群集几十头的大群活动,可能是追随洄游产卵的鱼类而来。伪虎鲸频现南通近岸海域的原因包括:海门东灶港航道足够的水深、周边海域生态环境优良、人为干扰较小、水生生物资源较丰富等。目前该伪虎鲸种群也面临一定风险,2023年已发现有2头搁浅死亡的伪虎鲸,建议对该区域伪虎鲸种群及其栖息地进行更深入的监测研究,采取更加有效的保护措施。In June of 2022 and 2023,approximately 60 false killer whales(Pseudorca crassidens)were observed in the vicinity of the Dongzao Port in Haimen,Nantong,Jiangsu.At least 8 mother-calf pairs were identified during on-site observations.The false killer whales were active in this area for approximately 4 months,making it a rare and significant habitat for large cetaceans in China s nearshore waters with substantial conservation value.Based on two consecutive years of monitoring records(2022—2023),a preliminary observation indicates the formation of large groups consisting of tens of false killer whales,possibly following fish migrations for spawning.The reasons for the frequent presence of false killer whales in the nearshore waters of Nantong include the sufficient depth of the Dongzao Port channel,excellent ecological conditions in the surrounding area,minimal human disturbance,and abundant aquatic resources.However,the population of false killer whales in this region faces some risks,as two stranded and deceased individuals were discovered in 2023.Therefore,it is recommended to conduct more in-depth monitoring and research on the false killer whale population and their habitat in this area,and implement more effective conservation measures.

关 键 词：南通市 近岸海域 伪虎鲸 监测 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]