上海市泗泾地区2020、2022年中小学生超重和肥胖的流行病学调查研究  

An epidemiological survey on overweight and obesity of primary and middle school students in Sijing area of Shanghai in 2020 and 2022

作　　者：白雪 葛歆婧 赵凤 常燕燕 陆俊彦 杨玉新 袁小明 Bai Xue;Ge Xinjing;Zhao Feng;Chang Yanyan;Lu Junyan;Yang Yuxin;Yuan Xiaoming(Department of Pediatrics,Sijin Hospital of Songjiang District,Shanghai 201601,China)

机构地区：[1]松江区泗泾医院儿科,上海201601

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2024年第9期950-954,共5页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：上海市松江区科技技术攻关项目(21SJKJGG16)。

摘　　要：目的 探究上海市泗泾地区2020、2022年小学及初中学生超重及肥胖情况,为干预儿童肥胖提供科学依据。方法 分别在2020年10月及2022年10月采取整群抽样的方法对泗泾地区的小学及初中学生进行体检,进行横断面研究,了解泗泾地区小学及初中不同年龄、不同性别学生的肥胖及超重情况。结果 2020、2022年参加体检资料完整的人数分别为7 766、10 594例,其中4 626例连续参加2次体检。2020年儿童超重率、肥胖率分别为15.14%、21.89%,2022年儿童超重率、肥胖率分别为15.41%、21.11%,超重率、肥胖率2年间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2020年男生超重率、肥胖率分别为14.91%、24.70%,女生超重率、肥胖率分别为15.40%、18.80%;2022年男生超重率、肥胖率分别为15.04%、24.14%,女生分别为15.82%、17.82%;男女之间超重率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2年男生肥胖率均高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2022年12岁儿童肥胖率为27.42%,高于2020年同年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他年龄组均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4 626例连续参加体检的儿童,2020年超重率、肥胖率分别为14.46%、21.25%,2022年超重率、肥胖率分别为16.04%、21.78%,2年间超重率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肥胖率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4 626例儿童中男生2 402例,女生2 224例;2020年男生超重率、肥胖率分别为13.70%、24.48%,女生分别为15.29%、17.76%;2022年男生超重率、肥胖率分别为16.07%、25.44%,女生分别为16.01%、17.72%;男女之间超重率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),男生肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 上海泗泾地区中小学生超重及肥胖具有较高的发生率,应加强饮食、运动指导,同时男生肥胖发生率更高,应加强男性儿童肥胖防治。Objective To investigate the overweight and obesity of primary and middle school students in Sijing area of Shanghai from 2020 to 2022,so as to provide scientific basis for the intervention of childhood obesity.Methods In October 2020 and October 2022,all primary and middle school students in Sijing area underwent physical examination by cluster sampling method.A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the obesity and overweight in primary and middle school students of different ages and genders in Sijing area.Results In 2020 and 2022,7766 and 10594 students completed physical examination,respectively,and 4626 of them underwent two consecutive physical examinations.The incidences of overweight and obesity were 15.14%and 21.89%in 2020,respectively.The incidences of overweight and obesity were 15.41%and 21.11%in 2022,respectively.There were no significant differences in the incidences of overweight or obesity between 2020 and 2022(P>0.05).In 2020,the incidences of overweight and obesity of male students were 14.91%and 24.70%;the incidences of overweight and obesity of female students were 15.40%and 18.80%,respectively.In 2022,the incidences of overweight and obesity of male students were 15.04%and 24.14%;the incidences of overweight and obesity of female students were 15.82%and 17.82%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the overweight rate between males and females(P>0.05).The incidence of obesity of male students was significantly higher than that of female students in both 2020 and 2022(P<0.05).In the students aged 12 years old,the incidence of obesity was 27.42%in 2022,which was significantly higher than that in 2020(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of obesity between other age groups(P>0.05).Among the 4626 children who participated in two consecutive physical examinations,the overweight/obesity rates were 14.46%/21.25%in 2020 and 16.04%/21.78%in 2022;there was significant difference in the overweight rates(P<0.05),while no significant difference was found i

关 键 词：肥胖 超重 儿童 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]