科学史中的微观史路径  

The Microhistorical Path in History of Science

作　　者：李猛[1] LI Meng(School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2024年第8期99-105,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“歌德自然哲学研究及当代价值”(2021NTSS43);国家社会科学基金重大项目“自然辩证法中国化及当代创新研究”(20&ZD043)。

摘　　要：在过去的三四十年里,随着史学观和科学观的双重变奏,科学编史学不断推陈出新,出现诸多“新路径”或“新转向”。科学史的微观史路径便是其中之一。微观史学在材料层面更加关注小人物和小事件,在方法上则以显微镜的方式以小见大,因此是小人物与大历史的有效结合。科学史的微观史路径既关注主流科学之外的边缘科学,也补充了对一般科学工作者甚至普通大众科学活动的研究。微观史本有的大历史情怀和对普遍性的内在寻求,最终使微观史在新世纪出现了更加明显的“全球转向”,以便更好地呈现小人物、小事件与大世界、大历史的内在关联。科学史的微观史路径从研究材料和分析方法两个层面,校正和补充着传统史学叙事。Over the past three to four decades,with the dual changes in historiographical and scientific views,the historiography of science has constantly innovated,giving rise to many"new paths"or"new directions".One of these is the microhistorical path in the history of science.Microhistory,on the material level,pays more attention to litle people and small events,and in methodology,it employs a microscope-like approach to reveal the significance of the small,thus effectively combining the stories of ordinary peoples with broader historical narratives.The microhistorical path of the history of science not only focuses on marginal science outside the mainstream but also supplements research on ordinary scientific activities of general scientists and even the public.Microhistory,with its inherent grand historical sentiments and its quest for universality,has ultimately led to a more pronounced"global turn"in the new century,aiming to better illustrate the intrinsic connections between little people small events,and the broader world and history.The microhis-torical path of the history of science,through the study of materials and analytical methods,corrects and supplements traditional historical narratives.

关 键 词：微观史 边缘科学 大历史 大众 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]