近代上海公共租界公共卫生管理体制的发展与演变  

The Evolution of the Sanitary System in Modern Shanghai International Settlement

作　　者：刘豪 刘士永 Liu Hao;Liu Shiyong

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学历史系,上海200240

出　　处：《史学月刊》2024年第10期35-42,共8页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当代重大传染病防治史研究及数据库建设”(20&ZD224)。

摘　　要：近代上海公共租界公共卫生管理体制的演进,既体现在部门改组与制度更迭的过程,也折射出工部局维持自身行政权威与合法性的需求。从部门改组层面而言,工部局卫生机构可溯源至卫生稽查员和卫生官的设置,此后历经卫生处、卫生委员会与公共卫生处等部门,人事关系与管理体制多有改变。从维持行政权威来看,工部局通过公共卫生管理与多个在沪机构产生联结,以换取司法、军事和海关体系对工部局行政的支持。由此可见,上海公共租界公共卫生部门在不断改组的过程中,不单纯是制度之更替,还展现了工部局置身东亚多重网络体系中的复杂互动关系,这对理解近代上海的市政建设特征较具意义。The evolution of the sanitary system in modern Shanghai International Settlement reflected the process of departmental reorganization and institutional reform,and the need of the Shanghai Municipal Council to maintain its own administrative authority and legitimacy.In terms of departmental reorganization,the sanitary institutions of the Shanghai Municipal Council could be traced back to the establishment of health inspectors and health officers,and then the establishment of the Sanitary Department,the Sanitary Board and the Public Health Department.Viewing from the perspective of maintaining administrative authority,the Shanghai Municipal Council had established connections with multiple institutions in Shanghai via public health management in exchange for the support of the judicial,military and customs systems.The reorganization of the sanitary system of the Shanghai International Settlement is not simply a replacement of system,but also shows the complex interactive relationship of the Shanghai Municipal Council in the multiple network systems of East Asia,which is of great significance for understanding the characteristics of municipal construction of modern Chinese treaty ports.

关 键 词：工部局 公共租界 公共卫生 市政建设 东亚 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]