基于专利引文网络挖掘的技术研发路径识别与颠覆性创新信号探测研究  

Path Identification and Disruptive Innovation of Technology R&D Based on Analysis of Patent Citation Network

作　　者：逯万辉[1] Lu Wanhui(Chinese Academy of Social Science Evaluation Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院中国社会科学评价研究院,北京100732

出　　处：《情报学报》2024年第9期1059-1069,共11页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“主题级学科交叉性测度与学科交叉主题识别方法研究”(20CTQ027)。

摘　　要：技术创新作为积蓄国家战略科技力量的重要环节,是打造科技强国、推动创新型国家建设的必由之路。在技术创新过程中,厘清技术竞争主体、技术演化路径、技术竞争阶段特征与演进趋势,是寻求技术赶超与创新发展面临的重要问题。本文从技术研发的路径依赖理论与颠覆性创新的技术不连续理论出发,基于专利引文网络分层视角,通过对高持续性知识贡献专利的挖掘,实现技术演化主路径的识别和颠覆性创新信号的探测,并以半导体材料领域为例进行了实证研究和分析。通过对半导体材料领域的技术演化路径的挖掘和颠覆性创新信号的探测,发现了“新型非易失性存储器”“化合物半导体衬底制备”“氮化镓基射频器件”“氮气反应溅射锌靶薄膜半导体材料”“无机半导体材料量子点”等具有较强颠覆性创新信号的半导体材料领域关键技术,同时发现宽禁带半导体材料正带来全球新一代电力电子与光电子技术的颠覆性变革,在此基础上,对半导体材料领域的技术研发路径和研发趋势进行了探讨。从实证研究及其应用效果来看,本文构建的基于专利引文网络挖掘的技术研发路径识别与颠覆性创新信号探测方法具有较强的实用性和领域拓展性,可以为科技界及产业界了解技术领域发展脉络和进行研发战略布局提供有效的情报支撑。Against the background of the increasingly fierce competition among great powers in terms of international science and technology,scientific and technological advances have become a key factor in the world economic and political competition pattern.Clarifying the subject of technological competition and the path of technological evolution is an important issue for achieving breakthroughs in the paths of technology innovative development.In this study,starting from the path-dependence and technology discontinuity theories,and leveraging patent mining of high-persistence knowledge contribution,identification of the main path of technological evolution and detection of disruptive innovation signals were realized based on the hierarchical perspective of patent citation network.Empirical research and analysis were carried out by taking the field of semiconductor materials as an example.Wide bandgap semiconductor materials are giving rise to a disruptive change in the new generation of power electronics and optoelectronic technology world-wide.By mining the technological evolution path and detecting disruptive innovation signals in the field of semiconductor materials,some technologies in this field with strong signals of disruptive innovation were identified.The results can help the scientific and industrial circles understand the technical fields and provide intelligent support for the development context and layout of technology research and development.The method constructed in this study concerning the path-dependent and disruptive innovation signal detection of technology research and development based on patent citation network analysis also features strong field expansion.

关 键 词：技术研发 路径依赖 路径演化 技术不连续 颠覆性创新 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学] G255.53