一种脑外科手术用扩张切口装置的设计  

Design of dilation incision device for neurosurgical procedures

作　　者：韩雨薇 陈立刚 杨新宇 巩顺 梁国标 金海 赖杰宇 HAN Yu-wei;CHEN Li-gang;YANG Xin-yu;GONG Shun;LIANG Guo-biao;JIN Hai;LAI Jie-yu(Department of Neurosurgery,General Hospital of Northern Theater Command,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]北部战区总医院神经外科,沈阳110016

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2024年第10期37-40,共4页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2022JH2/101500037)。

摘　　要：目的:设计一种在脑外科手术中能够提供稳定支撑和灵活调节功能的扩张切口装置,并对其性能进行评估。方法:该装置由支板、调节组件、脑部支撑环、转动组件、电动机、扩张组件和颈部支撑环等组成。其中支板采用高强度不锈钢制作;调节组件由第一螺杆、升降槽、滑杆和螺母组成;脑部支撑环通过支撑杆固定在调节组件上,外层为医用级硅胶,内层为不锈钢骨架;转动组件连接脑部支撑环与扩张组件,由转轴、连接杆和转动耳块组成;电动机选用高精度直流伺服电动机;扩张组件由弹簧、扩张板和移动板组成,通过弹簧的压力自动实现扩张或收缩;颈部支撑环外层为柔性聚氨酯泡沫,内层为不锈钢骨架。通过静态测试和动态测试评估该装置在不同高度(50、100、150 mm)和角度(0°、30°、60°)下的稳定性和安全性,并与传统固定装置进行对比测试,验证该装置的应用效果。结果:静态测试和动态测试结果表明,该装置在不同高度和角度下均表现出良好的稳定性和安全性。与传统固定装置的对比测试表明,该装置的稳定性更高、操作更为便捷、手术视野显露效果更佳。结论:该装置能够满足不同脑外科手术的需求,提高脑外科手术的安全性和便捷性。Objective To design and evaluate a dilation incision device capable of facilitating stable support and flexible adjustment during neurosurgical procedures.Methods The dilation incision device was composed of a support plate,an adjustment assembly,a brain support ring,a rotation assembly,an electric motor,an expansion assembly and a neck support ring.The support plate was made of high-strength stainless steel;the adjustment assembly was made up of a first screw,a lifting groove,a slide bar and a nut;the brain support ring was fixed to the adjustment assembly through a support rod,with an outer layer of medical-grade silicone and an inner layer of stainless steel skeleton;the rotation assembly connected the brain support ring with the expansion assembly and consisted of a rotating shaft,a connecting rod and a rotating lug;a high-precision direct current servo motor was selected for the device;the expansion assembly included a spring,an expansion plate and a moving plate,which realized auto expansion or contraction through spring pressure;the neck support ring had its outer layer made of flexible polyurethane foam and inner layer being a stainless steel skeleton.The device had its stability and safety evaluated by static and dynamic tests at different heights(50,100,150 mm)and angles(0°,30°,60°),which was compared with the traditional fixation device to verify its application effect.Results Static and dynamic tests indicated the device showed high stability and safety in different heights and angles,and gained advantages over the traditional device in stability,convenient operation and surgical field visualization.Conclusion The device developed meets the requirements of neurosurgical procedures,and enhances the safety and portability of neurosurgical procedures.

关 键 词：脑外科手术 扩张切口装置 神经外科器械 手术切口 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程] TH782[医药卫生—基础医学]