施马伦贝格病诊断技术研究概况  

Research Progress on Diagnostic Techniques for Schmallenberg Disease

作　　者：魏方 陈冬杰 王晶晶 余儒洋 王彩霞[1] 冯春燕[1] 于浩洋 吴绍强[1] Wei Fang;Chen Dongjie;Wang Jingjing;Yu Ruyang;Wang Caixia;Feng Chunyan;Yu Haoyang;Wu Shaoqiang(Institute of Animal Inspection and Quarantine of Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Technology Innovation Center of Animal and Plant Product Quality,Safety and Control,State Administration for Market Regulation,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院动物检验与检疫研究所,国家市场监管技术创新中心(动植物产品质量与安全),北京100176

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第9期66-70,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800503,2022YFD1800505)。

摘　　要：施马伦贝格病(Schmallenbergdisease,SBD)是由施马伦贝格病毒(Schmallenbergvirus,SBV)引起的反刍动物虫媒传染病,目前对其尚无有效治疗手段,及时检测病原和抗体对其进行确诊,是其防控的重要举措。SBD诊断技术主要包括,病原学检测的病毒分离与鉴定、RT-PCR、实时荧光RT-RAA,血清学检测的病毒中和试验(VNT)、蚀斑减少中和试验(PRNT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、免疫层析试纸条。每种检测方法各有优势和不足,其中病毒分离与鉴定和VNT是经典的SBD确诊方法,但因其涉及病毒培养,操作严格,耗时长;RT-PCR和ELISA方法操作简单,是常用的SBV实验室检测方法;实时荧光RT-RAA和免疫层析试纸条检测反应时间短,适用于SBV的现场快速筛查。因此在实际应用时,可根据自身要求和目的,结合实际情况选择一种或多种检测方法进行SBD诊断。本文主要总结了近年来有关SBD的病原学和血清学诊断技术研究进展,以期为SBD监测和防控提供技术参考。Schmallenberg disease(SBD)is an insect-borne infectious disease of ruminants caused by Schmallenberg virus(SBV),which should be prevented and controlled by confirmation through detecting pathogens and antibodies in time as there has been no any effective treatment methods.SBD is mainly diagnosed by etiological detection methods such as virus isolation and identification,RT-PCR and real-time fluorescent RT-RAA,as well as serological detection methods such as viral neutralization test(VNT),plaque reduction neutralization test(PRNT),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and immunochromatographic strips.Each of which has advantages and disadvantages.To be specific,virus isolation and identification and VNT are classical but time-consuming due to strict operation involving virus culture;RT-PCR and ELISA are simple and commonly used for SBV laboratory testing;and RT-RAA and immunochromatographic strips are suitable for rapid on-site screening with their short reaction time.Therefore,SBD should be diagnosed by one or more methods according to actual conditions,requirements and purposes.Here,the research progress of etiological and serological diagnosis technologies for SBD in recent years was summarized,aiming to provide a technical reference for monitoring,prevention and control of SBD.

关 键 词：施马伦贝格病毒 诊断技术 病原学检测 血清学检测 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]