猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗研究进展  

Research Progress on Vaccines of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

作　　者：于晓璐 李扬 孙化露 侯玉超 楚电峰 Yu Xiaolu;Li Yang;Sun Hualu;Hou Yuchao;Chu Dianfeng(Qingdao Yebio Bioengineering Co,Ltd,National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛易邦生物工程有限公司,兽医公共卫生安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第9期80-88,共9页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是一种由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的高度接触性传染病,对养猪业的可持续发展造成严重威胁。目前全球范围内已开发出多种PRRS疫苗,其在一定程度上控制了疫情的流行。目前被广泛用于PRRS疫情防控的疫苗类型主要是传统的活疫苗和灭活疫苗,但活疫苗对不同流行毒株的交叉保护能力弱,且有病毒重组变异风险,而灭活疫苗免疫原性较低,需要佐剂辅助及多次重复免疫。新技术疫苗如嵌合疫苗、基因缺失疫苗、亚单位疫苗、活载体疫苗以及核酸疫苗等具备良好的安全性和免疫效力,但需要进行更深入的研究和临床试验。未来,随着新技术的不断进步,PRRS新技术疫苗必将展现出更好的有效性和安全性。本文综述了现有传统疫苗和新技术疫苗的应用和最新研究进展,以期为PRRS防控和疫苗开发提供参考。Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a highly contagious disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),posing a serious threat to sustainable development of pig industry.A variety of PRRS vaccines have been globally developed,contributing to the control of the disease to a certain extent.The currently widely used vaccines mainly include traditional live vaccines and inactivated vaccines,but the former is poor for cross protection for different genotype of strains,and with the risk of virus recombination and mutation,while the latter has low immunogenicity and should be assisted by adjuvants and needs repeated immunization.Further researches and clinical experiments should be conducted on new technical vaccines such as chimeric vaccines,gene deletion vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-vector vaccines and nucleic acid vaccines,although they have good safety and immune efficacy.In the future,with continuous progress of new techniques,better effectiveness and safety will be provided by PRRS vaccines.Here,the application and latest research progress of traditional or new vaccines were reviewed,aiming to provide a reference for PRRS prevention and control and vaccine development.

关 键 词：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 活疫苗 嵌合疫苗 亚单位疫苗 核酸疫苗 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]