COVID-19疫情期间呼和浩特市大气污染特征及其影响因素  

Characteristics and influencing factors of air pollution in Hohhot during COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：陈晓琪 周海军 张萌萌 王正中 刘环宇 闫敏 CHEN Xiaoqi;ZHOU Haijun;ZHANG Mengmeng;WANG Zhengzhong;LIU Huanyu;YAN Min(College of Geographical Sciences,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot,010022,China;Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau’s Climate System at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,010022,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Wetland Restoration Engineering Laboratory,Hohhot,010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]蒙古高原气候变化与区域响应自治区高等学校重点实验室,呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区湿地修复工程实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第9期3128-3137,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42167015);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFHH0126)资助

摘　　要：为阻止新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情迅速蔓延,我国采取了严格的管控措施,在全国大部分城市PM_(2.5)浓度显著下降的背景下,呼和浩特市PM_(2.5)浓度不降反升,仍出现多次重污染过程,其成因尚不明确.基于环境空气质量自动监测数据(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO和O_(3)),结合风速、风向、温度、相对湿度等气象数据,研究疫情期间大气污染特征及其影响因素,利用潜在源区贡献函数(PSCF)和浓度权重轨迹分析(CWT)识别污染物潜在源区,为呼和浩特市大气污染治理提供理论依据.研究结果表明:疫情期间呼和浩特市发生重度以上污染天6 d,占监测总天数的19.3%.与历史同期比较,疫情期间呼和浩特市PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO和O_(3)浓度均有不同程度上升,SO_(2)和NO_(2)呈降低趋势.与疫情前相比,疫情期间PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)和CO分别下降38.6%、31.7%、46.1%、35.8%和37.0%,O_(3)上升109.4%.高相对湿度和低风速是呼和浩特市“疫情霾”形成的主要原因.疫情期间呼和浩特市大气PM_(2.5)主要受本地源或近距离传输的影响.China has taken strict control measures to stop the rapid spread of COVID-19 epidemic.While PM_(2.5) concentration has significantly decreased in most cities in China,Hohhot suffered from many heavy pollution episodes during COVID-19 epidemic,the driven factor of that is still unclear.Based on the environmental air quality data(PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2),CO and O_(3))and meteorological data(wind speed,wind direction,temperature,and relative humidity),the characteristics and influencing factors of atmospheric pollution during COVID-19 epidemic were analyzed.The results showed that there were six severe pollution days,accounting for 19.3%of the total monitoring days in Hohhot during the epidemic period.Compared with the same period of 2019,the concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO and O_(3) in Hohhot significantly increased during the epidemic period,whereas the concentration of NO_(2) and SO_(2) significantly decreased.Compared with before epidemic period,the concentration of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2) and CO decreased by 38.6%,31.7%,46.1%,35.8%and 37.0%,respectively,while O_(3) increased by 109.4%.The high relative humidity and the low wind speed were the main influencing factors of pollution episodes during the epidemic period.During the epidemic period,the concentration of PM_(2.5) in Hohhot was mainly affected by local sources or short-range transmission.

关 键 词：COVID-19 管控措施 大气污染 影响因素 潜在源区 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]