金沙江干热河谷区5种植被土壤入渗性能影响因素评价  

Influencing Factors of Soil Infiltration Performance of Five Types of Vegetation in Dry-Hot Valley Area of Jinsha River

作　　者：张珉瑞 王立娜[2] 李盼 经又亮 段青松 杨苑君 Zhang Minrui;Wang Lina;Li Pan;Jing Youliang;Duan Qingsong;Yang Yuanjun(College of Water Conservancy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;College of Architecture and Engineering,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学建筑工程学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第6期37-45,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060368,31700635);云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2018FD045)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究植物对边坡土壤水分入渗过程的影响,为金沙江干热河谷区生态修复和植被建设提出指导性建议。[方法]以云南省永仁县的5种典型植被(桉树、台湾相思、锥连栎、余甘子、云南松)为研究对象,采用野外调查、室内分析和室内入渗试验的方法,分析不同植被类型土壤入渗性能的差异性。[结果](1)随着土层深度增加,土壤入渗性能逐渐降低,且土层间存在显著差异(p<0.05);(2)不同植被类型土壤入渗性能存在显著差异(p<0.05),主成分分析结果显示5种土壤入渗能力综合排名为:桉树>余甘子>锥连栎>云南松>台湾相思;(3)Horton模型对永仁县干热河谷区5种典型植被土壤入渗性能拟合度最好,平均拟合度为0.953,可以用来模拟和预测永仁县干热河谷区典型植被土壤入渗能力;(4)土壤入渗性能与土壤容重、土壤有机质、非毛管孔隙度、<0.25 mm、0.25~1 mm、3~5 mm、>5 mm团聚体含量呈显著相关关系(p<0.05)。[结论]5个研究树种中,余甘子样地土壤结构的改善效果较好;土壤非毛管孔隙度、<0.25 mm土壤水稳性团聚体含量、3~5 mm土壤水稳性团聚体含量是影响土壤入渗性能的决定性因素;建议在研究区种植余甘子和锥连栎,能有效提高土壤入渗性能,缓解水土流失。[Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the the influence of plants on the soil water infiltration process on slope,and to provide guidance for ecological restoration and vegetation construction in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River.[Methods]Five typical types of vegetation(Eucalyptus citriodora,Acacia confusa,Quercus franchetii,Phyllantthus emblica,Pinus yunnanensis)in Yongren County of Yunnan Province were taken as the research objects.Field investigation,indoor analysis and indoor infiltration test were used to explore the differences in soil infiltration performance of different vegetation types.[Results](1)With the increase of soil depth,soil infiltration performance gradually decreased,and there were significant differences(p<0.05).(2)There were significant differences in soil infiltration capacity among different vegetation types(p<0.05).The comprehensive ranking of soil infiltration capacity of five vegetation types was follows:Eucalyptus citriodora s>Phyllantthus emblica>Quercus franchetii>Pinus yunnanensis>Acacia confusa,(3)The Horton model has the best fitting degree for the soil infiltration performance of five typical vegetations in the dry-hot valley area of Yongren County,with an average fitting degree of 0.953,which can be used to simulate and predict the soil infiltration capacity of typical types of vegetation in the dry-hot valley area of Yongren County.(4)Soil infiltration performance was significantly correlated with soil bulk density,soil organic matter,non-capillary porosity and 5 mm aggregate content(p<0.05).Through the path analysis results,it could be seen that the content of 3~5 mm aggregates and soil non-capillary porosity were the decisive factors affecting the initial infiltration rate and average infiltration rate of soil,and the content of<0.25 mm water-stable aggregates was the direct limiting factor on soil infiltration performance.[Conclusion]Among the five studied tree species,the improvement effect of soil structure in the Phyllanthus emblica plot is the best.Soil non

关 键 词：金沙江干热河谷 土壤入渗 土壤理化性质 土壤入渗模型 通径分析 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S714[农业科学—农业基础科学]