内蒙古牧区人居环境适宜性评价——以锡林郭勒盟为例  

Assessment of Human Settlement Environmental Suitability for Inner Mongolia Pastoral Areas--Taking Xilingol as an Example

作　　者：甄江红[1,2] 田桐羽 Zhen Jianghong;Tian Tongyu(College of Geography Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhhot 010022,China;University Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau′s Climate System,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古师范大学蒙古高原气候变化与区域响应高校重点实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第6期384-394,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42361029);内蒙古自然科学基金(2020MS04003)。

摘　　要：[目的]科学评价并厘清人居环境适宜性的地域类型及其空间格局,为合理引导聚落与人口布局提供依据。[方法]借助地理空间数据与GIS技术,基于栅格尺度从自然、生态、生产、生活、社会环境层面,选取30项指标开展了锡林郭勒牧区人居环境适宜性评价及其与聚落、人口分布的相关分析。[结果](1)锡林郭勒牧区人居环境适宜性由东向西逐级递减,并以一般适宜区面积最大,宜居水平整体不高,生活环境与生态条件对人居环境的限制作用较强,社会公共服务水平亟待提升。(2)从旗/市来看,人居环境宜居度以东南部的锡林浩特市、西乌珠穆沁旗、东乌珠穆沁旗、正蓝旗较高,西北部的苏尼特左旗、苏尼特右旗、二连浩特市与阿巴嘎旗相对较低;从苏木/镇来看,宜居度较高的一二等苏木/镇占56.94%,宜居度较低的四五等苏木/镇占20.83%。(3)人居环境一般适宜及以上区域内的聚落数量占比达91.34%,人口数量占比为91.28%,聚落与人口分布具有适宜区域指向性。[结论]人居环境的适宜程度从根本上决定着牧区聚落与人口的空间分布,未来需差异化推进聚落重构与生态移民,改善牧区人居环境。[Objective]The aims of this study are to scientifically evaluate and clarify the regional types and spatial patterns of human settlement environment suitability,and to provide a basis for rationally guiding the distribution of settlements and populations.[Methods]With the help of geospatial data and GIS technology,based on the grid scale from the natural,ecological,production,living,social environment aspects,30 indicators were selected to carry out the suitability evaluation of human settlements environment in Xilingol pastoral area and to analyze the correlation between settlement and population distribution.[Results](1)The suitability of human settlement environment in Xilingol pastoral area decreased gradually from east to west,and with the general suitable area was the largest,the overall livable level was not high.The living environment and ecological conditions had a strong restrictive effect on the human settlement environment.The level of social public services needs to be improved.(2)From the point of view of banner/city,livable degree of the human settlement environment was higher in the southeast such as Xilinhot City,Xiwuzhumuqin Banner,Dongwuzhumuqin Banner and Zhenglan Banner,while it was relatively lower in the northwest such as Sunitezuo Banner,Suniteyou Banner,Erlianhot City and Abaga Banner.From the point of view of Sumu/town,the first and second class Sumu/town of higher livability accounted for 56.94%,the fourth and fifth class Sumu/town of lower livability accounted for 20.83%.(3)The number of settlements in the generally suitable areas for human settlement environment and above accounted for 91.34%,the proportion of the population accounted for 91.28%.The settlements and population distribution had suitable regional directional characteristics.[Conclusion]The suitability degree of human settlement environment fundamentally determines the spatial distribution of settlement and population in pastoral areas.In the future,it is necessary to promote differentially the settlement reconstruction a

关 键 词：人居环境 适宜性评价 GIS技术 锡林郭勒牧区 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]